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Updated: Feb 25, 2026

Analysis of Endocytic Uptake and Retrograde Transport to the Trans-Golgi Network Using Functionalized Nanobodies in Cultured Cells
Published on: February 21, 2019
Updated Insight into the Physiological and Pathological Roles of the Retromer Complex
Yakubu Saddeeq Abubakar1, Wenhui Zheng2,3, Stefan Olsson4
1State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China. ay.saddeeq@gmail.com.
Abstract:
Retromer complexes mediate protein trafficking from the endosomes to the trans-Golgi network (TGN) or through direct recycling to the plasma membrane. In yeast, they consist of a conserved trimer of the cargo selective complex (CSC), Vps26-Vps35-Vps29 and a dimer of sorting nexins (SNXs), Vps5-Vps17. In mammals, the CSC interacts with different kinds of SNX proteins in addition to the mammalian homologues of Vps5 and Vps17, which further diversifies retromer functions. The retromer complex plays important roles in many cellular processes including restriction of invading pathogens. In this review, we summarize some recent developments in our understanding of the physiological and pathological functions of the retromer complex.
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