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Proteogenomic Review of the Changes in Primate apoC-I during Evolution
Donald Puppione1, Julian P Whitelegge1,2
1The Molecular Biology Instutute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095.
Frontiers in Biology
|August 1, 2017
Summary
Apolipoprotein C-I (apoC-I) rapidly evolved in primates. Gene duplication occurred, leading to one apoC-I gene becoming a pseudogene in humans, Denisovans, and Neandertals after primate divergence.
Area of Science:
- Evolutionary biology
- Genomics
- Proteomics
Background:
- Apolipoprotein C-I (apoC-I) exhibits rapid evolution among soluble apolipoproteins.
- Gene duplication of apoC-I occurred during primate evolution.
- Great apes express two distinct apoC-I forms from duplicated genes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review genomic and proteomic data for primate evolution of apoC-I.
- To pinpoint the timing of apoC-I gene duplication and pseudogene formation.
Main Methods:
- Comparative genomic analysis across primate species.
- Proteomic data review for apoC-I expression.
- Phylogenetic analysis of apoC-I gene evolution.
Main Results:
- One duplicated apoC-I gene is a pseudogene in humans, Denisovans, and Neandertals.
- ApoC-I gene duplication occurred post-New World monkey divergence.
- Pseudogene formation occurred post-bonobo and chimpanzee divergence from the human lineage.
Conclusions:
- The apoC-I gene has undergone significant evolutionary changes in primates.
- Specific timing of duplication and pseudogene formation provides insights into primate lineage divergence.
- Evolutionary trajectory of apoC-I highlights rapid adaptation and gene inactivation events.
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