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Methods for including information from multi-arm trials in pairwise meta-analysis.

Gerta Rücker1,2, Christopher J Cates3, Guido Schwarzer1

  • 1Institute for Medical Biometry and Statistics, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany.

Research Synthesis Methods
|August 1, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This tutorial presents five methods for handling multi-arm studies in pairwise meta-analyses to prevent unit-of-analysis errors. A novel approach (method 4) is introduced, offering new options for systematic reviewers.

Keywords:
multi-arm trialsmultiplicitynetwork meta-analysispairwise meta-analysis

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Area of Science:

  • Biostatistics
  • Clinical Epidemiology
  • Evidence Synthesis

Background:

  • Systematic reviews often include multi-arm studies.
  • Including these studies requires careful handling to avoid unit-of-analysis errors.
  • Common methods involve combining arms or splitting the control arm.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present five distinct approaches for incorporating multi-arm studies into pairwise meta-analyses.
  • To introduce a novel method (method 4) for addressing multi-arm studies.
  • To provide guidance on selecting appropriate methods for different scenarios.

Main Methods:

  • Description of five methods for handling multi-arm studies.
  • Demonstration of methods using three selected datasets.
  • Discussion of the advantages and limitations of each approach.

Main Results:

  • Five methods are presented for managing multi-arm studies in meta-analysis.
  • Method 4 is a novel approach not previously described.
  • The application, scope, advantages, and limitations of each method are discussed.

Conclusions:

  • Systematic reviewers have multiple options for including multi-arm studies.
  • The novel method 4 offers a new strategy for handling these studies.
  • Recommendations are provided to aid reviewers in choosing the best method.