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Risk factors for adverse drug reactions in pediatric inpatients: A cohort study

Paulo Henrique Santos Andrade1, Iza Maria Fraga Lobo2, Wellington Barros da Silva1

  • 1Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil.

Plos One
|August 2, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Identifying risk factors for adverse drug reactions (ADR) in pediatric inpatients is crucial. Prior ADR history and specific medications like antibacterials and antiepileptics increase a child's ADR risk.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Pharmacology
  • Clinical Pharmacy
  • Drug Safety

Background:

  • Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) pose a significant risk in pediatric healthcare.
  • Understanding pediatric ADR risk factors is essential for improving patient safety.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify key risk factors associated with adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in hospitalized children.
  • To inform targeted interventions for ADR prevention in pediatric populations.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective cohort study was conducted in a general pediatric ward in Northeast Brazil.
  • Data were collected over two stages from August 2015 to August 2016, including children aged 0-14 years 11 months.
  • Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were employed to identify risk factors.

Main Results:

  • A total of 173 children (208 admissions) experienced 66 ADRs, with an incidence rate of 3/100 patient days.
  • Gastrointestinal disorders were the most frequent ADR type (28.8%).
  • Significant risk factors identified included prior ADR history (HR 2.44), meglumine antimonate (HR 4.98), systemic antibacterials (HR 2.75), and antiepileptic drugs (HR 3.84).

Conclusions:

  • Prior history of ADRs and the use of specific medications are significant risk factors for ADRs in pediatric inpatients.
  • These findings highlight the need for vigilant monitoring and risk management strategies in pediatric pharmacotherapy.
  • Targeting interventions based on identified risk factors can help reduce ADR incidence in children.
Abstract

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