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Bioreactors with hydrostatic pressures imitating physiological environments in intervertebral discs.

Jovana Zvicer¹, Bojana Obradovic¹

¹Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.

Journal of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine

|August 2, 2017

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Hydrostatic pressure (HP) is crucial for intervertebral disc health. This review explores innovative bioreactor designs for applying HP to cell cultures, mimicking physiological conditions for tissue engineering.

Area of Science:

Biomaterials Science
Tissue Engineering
Cell Biology

Background:

Intervertebral discs experience significant mechanical loads, with hydrostatic pressure (HP) being a key biosignal for chondrogenesis.
Mimicking in vivo conditions requires advanced biomimetic bioreactors capable of applying high HP (up to 3 MPa) in dynamic regimes.

Purpose of the Study:

To review existing and emerging approaches for inducing hydrostatic pressure in 2D and 3D cell cultures.
To highlight the engineering challenges and innovative solutions in designing HP-inducing bioreactors for tissue engineering applications.

Main Methods:

Categorization of HP systems into five groups based on pressurization methods (direct/indirect, discontinuous/continuous) and inclusion of other physical signals.
Discussion of engineering challenges: high pressure application, mass transfer, gas bubble management, material selection, and sterility.

Keywords:

3D culture biomimetic bioreactor cellular response hydrostatic pressure intervertebral disc physical signal tissue engineering

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Published on: April 11, 2017

Design of a Biaxial Mechanical Loading Bioreactor for Tissue Engineering

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Main Results:

Five distinct categories of hydrostatic pressure application systems for cell cultures were identified.
Technological advancements are driving the development of sophisticated bioreactors for controlled HP application.

Conclusions:

Biomimetic bioreactors are essential for understanding HP's role in chondrogenic differentiation and tissue maintenance.
Continued innovation in bioreactor design is crucial for advancing regenerative medicine and tissue engineering research.