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Related Concept Videos

Increased Body Temperature01:25

Increased Body Temperature

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A body temperature above  38°C  (100.4 °F) is known as fever or pyrexia, and a person with fever is termed 'febrile.' Typically, the hypothalamus, a part of the brain that acts as the body's thermostat, regulates body temperature through a thermoregulatory setpoint. It receives signals from cold and warm thermal receptors throughout the body and adjusts the body's temperature accordingly. Fever occurs when this hypothalamic setpoint is altered, usually in...
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Homeostatic Imbalances in Body Temperature01:19

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Hyperthermia occurs when the body's temperature becomes unusually high, often due to heat exposure, intense physical activity, or certain illnesses. This condition can create a dangerous cycle where elevated body temperature increases the metabolic rate, generating more heat and potentially leading to organ failure and brain damage. A severe form of hyperthermia, called heat stroke, can raise body temperature to life-threatening levels. Fever, on the other hand, is a controlled form of...
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Thermosensation01:43

Thermosensation

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Peripheral thermosensation is the perception of external temperature. A change in temperature (on the surface of the skin and other tissues) is detected by a family of temperature-sensitive ion channels called Transient Receptor Potential, or TRP, receptors. These receptors are located on free nerve endings. Those detecting cold temperatures are closer to the surface of the skin than the nerve endings detecting warmth. These thermoTRP channels, while temperature selective, have relatively...
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PID Controller01:19

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Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controllers are widely used in various control systems to enhance stability and performance. In a thermostat, it adjusts heating or cooling based on the temperature difference between the actual and desired levels. They are often used in automotive speed systems, effectively managing sudden speed changes while maintaining a constant speed under varying conditions. On the other hand, PI controllers, commonly employed in voltage regulation, enhance stability...
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Ferromagnetism01:31

Ferromagnetism

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Materials like iron, nickel, and cobalt consist of magnetic domains, within which the magnetic dipoles are arranged parallel to each other. The magnetic dipoles are rigidly aligned in the same direction within a domain by quantum mechanical coupling among the atoms. This coupling is so strong that even thermal agitation at room temperature cannot break it. The result is that each domain has a net dipole moment. However, some materials have weaker coupling, and are ferromagnetic at lower...
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Methods of reducing fever01:22

Methods of reducing fever

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The signs and symptoms of fever include hot and dry skin, flushed face, thirst, muscle aches, anorexia, headache, tachycardia, tachypnea, and fatigue. Elevated body temperature is reduced using two methods: pharmacological and nonpharmacological. Proper identification and treatment of the root cause of a fever is of utmost importance.
Pharmacological Methods of Reducing Fever:
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 25, 2026

Near-Infrared Temperature Measurement Technique for Water Surrounding an Induction-heated Small Magnetic Sphere
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Magnetic induction of hyperthermia by a modified self-learning fuzzy temperature controller.

Wei-Cheng Wang1, Cheng-Chi Tai1

  • 1Department of Electrical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan.

The Review of Scientific Instruments
|August 3, 2017
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Summary

This study developed a modified self-learning fuzzy logic controller (SLFLC) for precise temperature control in magnetic induction hyperthermia (MIH) cancer treatment. The SLFLC demonstrated superior robustness and adaptability compared to existing methods in porcine liver experiments.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Control Systems
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Magnetic induction hyperthermia (MIH) offers a promising, minimally invasive approach for cancer treatment.
  • Precise temperature control is critical for hyperthermia efficacy and minimizing side effects.
  • Control performance in MIH systems is often challenged by perturbations and parameter variations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an advanced temperature controller for MIH systems.
  • To enhance control performance and robustness under varying treatment conditions.
  • To investigate a modified self-learning fuzzy logic controller (SLFLC) for MIH temperature regulation.

Main Methods:

  • Implementation of a closed-loop controller with a reference model for temperature tracking.
  • Development of a modified self-learning fuzzy logic controller (SLFLC) with a gain tuning mechanism.
  • Validation through in vitro experiments using porcine liver tissue.

Main Results:

  • The proposed SLFLC demonstrated superior robustness and adaptability compared to classical self-tuning fuzzy logic controllers and fuzzy model reference learning control.
  • The controller effectively managed temperature control despite perturbations and parameter variations.
  • In vitro experiments confirmed the SLFLC's excellent performance in MIH temperature regulation.

Conclusions:

  • The modified SLFLC offers a highly effective solution for precise temperature control in MIH cancer therapy.
  • The controller's adaptability and robustness make it suitable for diverse clinical scenarios.
  • This advancement holds potential for improving the outcomes of hyperthermia treatments.