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Treating persistent asthma in rural Rwanda: characteristics, management and 24-month outcomes.

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Asthma care in rural Rwanda showed significant improvements in patient outcomes after 24 months. This study demonstrates effective asthma management in resource-limited settings, with reduced asthma severity observed.

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Respiratory Medicine

Background:

  • Rwanda's Ministry of Health initiated a district-level non-communicable disease program in 2007, incorporating asthma care.
  • Partners In Health provided crucial support for this initiative.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To detail the demographics, treatment, and 24-month outcomes of asthma patients in three rural Rwandan hospitals.
  • To assess the effectiveness of a district-level asthma care program in a resource-limited environment.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of electronic medical records for asthma patients from January 2007 to December 2012.
  • Data extraction included patient demographics, clinical variables, and 24-month follow-up outcomes.

Main Results:

  • The study included 354 patients; 66.7% were female, and 41.5% were aged 41-60.
  • Most patients had moderate (53.1%) or mild (40.1%) persistent asthma. Nearly all (95.7%) received medication, primarily bronchodilators.
  • After 24 months, 76.8% of patients remained in care, with a notable decrease in asthma severity among those reclassified.

Conclusions:

  • Asthma management in rural, resource-limited settings can be effective, showing improved patient outcomes.
  • The program demonstrated reduced asthma severity and manageable loss to follow-up rates over 24 months.