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Comparing transfusion reaction rates for various plasma types: a systematic review and meta-analysis/regression
Nicholas H Saadah1,2, Fabienne M A van Hout1,2,3, Martin R Schipperus4,5
1Center for Clinical Transfusion Research, Sanquin Blood Supply.
Background:
We estimated rates for common plasma-associated transfusion reactions and compared reported rates for various plasma types.
Study Design And Methods:
We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of peer-reviewed articles that reported plasma transfusion reaction rates. Random-effects pooled rates were calculated and compared between plasma types. Meta-regression was used to compare various plasma types with regard to their reported plasma transfusion reaction rates.
Results:
Forty-eight studies reported transfusion reaction rates for fresh-frozen plasma (FFP; mixed-sex and male-only), amotosalen INTERCEPT FFP, methylene blue-treated FFP, and solvent/detergent-treated pooled plasma. Random-effects pooled average rates for FFP were: allergic reactions, 92/105 units transfused (95% confidence interval [CI], 46-184/105 units transfused); febrile nonhemolytic transfusion reactions (FNHTRs), 12/105 units transfused (95% CI, 7-22/105 units transfused); transfusion-associated circulatory overload (TACO), 6/105 units transfused (95% CI, 1-30/105 units transfused); transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI), 1.8/105 units transfused (95% CI, 1.2-2.7/105 units transfused); and anaphylactic reactions, 0.8/105 units transfused (95% CI, 0-45.7/105 units transfused). Risk differences between plasma types were not significant for allergic reactions, TACO, or anaphylactic reactions. Methylene blue-treated FFP led to fewer FNHTRs than FFP (risk difference = -15.3 FNHTRs/105 units transfused; 95% CI, -24.7 to -7.1 reactions/105 units transfused); and male-only FFP led to fewer cases of TRALI than mixed-sex FFP (risk difference = -0.74 TRALI/105 units transfused; 95% CI, -2.42 to -0.42 injuries/105 units transfused).
Conclusion:
Meta-regression demonstrates that the rate of FNHTRs is lower for methylene blue-treated compared with FFP, and the rate of TRALI is lower for male-only than for mixed-sex FFP; whereas no significant differences are observed between plasma types for allergic reactions, TACO, or anaphylactic reactions. Reported transfusion reaction rates suffer from high heterogeneity.
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