Prevalence, presentation and treatment of lower limb pathologies in juvenile idiopathic arthritis: A narrative review
Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 25, 2026

Lower Limb Biomechanical Analysis of Healthy Participants
Published on: April 15, 2020
Antoni Fellas1, Fiona Hawke1, Derek Santos2
1School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia.
Abstract:
Juvenile idiopathic arthritis is a chronic, autoimmune, inflammatory joint disease. It is the most common arthritis in children and adolescents. This paper reviews the presentation and treatment of lower limb pathologies in juvenile idiopathic arthritis from an allied health perspective. Common lower limb pathologies include: synovitis causing swelling, tenderness and pain; persistent inflammation leading to flexion contractures; limb length discrepancies; muscle atrophy; enthesopathies such as plantar fasciitis and Achilles tendonitis; and tenosynovitis. Allied health professionals may use a range of non-invasive therapies, including hydrotherapy, strengthening and stretching exercises, massaging, taping and foot orthoses to manage lower limb pathologies in juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Early detection and treatment of these common and potentially disabling lower limb pathologies are fundamental to achieving gold standard care for children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis.
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