Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Acid-Catalyzed Dehydration of Alcohols to Alkenes02:35

Acid-Catalyzed Dehydration of Alcohols to Alkenes

24.5K
In a dehydration reaction, a hydroxyl group in an alcohol is eliminated along with the hydrogen from an adjacent carbon. Here, the products are an alkene and a molecule of water. Dehydration of alcohols is generally achieved by heating in the presence of an acid catalyst. While the dehydration of primary alcohols requires high temperatures and acid concentrations, secondary and tertiary alcohols can lose a water molecule under relatively mild conditions.
24.5K
Reactions of Aldehydes and Ketones: Baeyer–Villiger Oxidation01:22

Reactions of Aldehydes and Ketones: Baeyer–Villiger Oxidation

5.1K
Baeyer–Villiger oxidation converts aldehydes to carboxylic acids and ketones to esters. The reaction uses peroxy acids or peracids and is often catalyzed by acid. The reaction is named after its pioneers, Adolf von Baeyer and Victor Villiger. The reaction is achieved by a wide range of peracids such as m-chloroperoxybenzoic acid (mCPBA), perbenzoic acid (C6H5COOOH), peracetic acid (CH3COOOH), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BuOOH).
The carbonyl center is activated by...
5.1K
Formation of Halohydrin from Alkenes02:41

Formation of Halohydrin from Alkenes

14.9K
An alkene, such as propene, reacts with bromine in the presence of water to yield a halohydrin. Halohydrins contain a halogen and a hydroxyl group attached to adjacent carbons. When the halogen is bromine, it is called a bromohydrin, while a chlorohydrin has chlorine as the halogen.
14.9K
Phase II Reactions: Glucuronidation01:24

Phase II Reactions: Glucuronidation

1.9K
Glucuronidation, a pivotal phase II biotransformation process, involves the coupling of glucuronic acid to a drug or xenobiotic. Given its widespread occurrence and critical role in drug metabolism, it's considered the most crucial phase II reaction. It enhances the water solubility of substances, aiding their expulsion from the body. The driving force behind these reactions is a group of enzymes known as UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs). UGTs facilitate the transfer of a glucuronic acid...
1.9K
Acid Halides to Alcohols: Grignard Reaction01:15

Acid Halides to Alcohols: Grignard Reaction

3.1K
Organomagnesium halides, commonly known as Grignard reagents, convert acid halides to tertiary alcohols. The reaction requires two equivalents of the Grignard reagent and proceeds via a ketone intermediate.
Grignard reagents are a source of carbanions and function as nucleophiles. The mechanism begins with the nucleophilic attack by the carbanion at the carbonyl carbon of the acid halide to form a tetrahedral intermediate. Next, the carbonyl group is re-formed, and the halide ion departs,...
3.1K
Regioselectivity and Stereochemistry of Acid-Catalyzed Hydration02:34

Regioselectivity and Stereochemistry of Acid-Catalyzed Hydration

9.8K
The rate of acid-catalyzed hydration of alkenes depends on the alkene's structure, as the presence of alkyl substituents at the double bond can significantly influence the rate.
9.8K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Ozonolysis of β-Caryophyllene in the Presence of Nanoscale Inhomogeneity: A Mass Spectrometry and Dynamic Light Scattering Study.

The journal of physical chemistry. A·2026
Same author

Extremely Fast Reaction of Criegee-Intermediate-Derived Organic Peroxides with NO<sub>2</sub> at the Air-Liquid Interface.

The journal of physical chemistry letters·2026
Same author

How Water Exclusion Accelerates Reactions in Enzyme Active Sites and Supramolecular Cavitands.

The journal of physical chemistry. B·2026
Same author

Nanoscale Inhomogeneity Controls Hydrolysis of Hydroperoxides in Macroscopically Homogeneous Solutions.

The journal of physical chemistry. A·2025
Same author

Amines React Rapidly with α-Hydroxyalkyl Hydroperoxides at the Air-Liquid Interface to Form Organic Nitrogen.

The journal of physical chemistry letters·2025
Same author

Can Hydroxyl Radicals Be Spontaneously Formed at the Air-Water Interface of Microdroplets? A Spray Ionization Mass Spectrometry Study.

The journal of physical chemistry letters·2025
Same journal

Solid-State NMR Quantification of Brønsted-Lewis Acid Site Cooperativity in Zeolites for Glucose Conversion.

The journal of physical chemistry letters·2026
Same journal

Ion-Pairing-Mediated Selective Transport of Rare Earth Elements through Functionalized Graphene Nanopores.

The journal of physical chemistry letters·2026
Same journal

Ligand-Tuned CISS-Effect of Atomically Precise Metal Oxido Nanoclusters.

The journal of physical chemistry letters·2026
Same journal

Data-Driven Exploration of the Polyethylene Catalyst Chemical Space via Machine Learning.

The journal of physical chemistry letters·2026
Same journal

Role of Ultrafast Electron-Thermal-Phonon Interactions in High Harmonic Generation and Dephasing from Graphene.

The journal of physical chemistry letters·2026
Same journal

Real-Time Vibrational Spectroscopy Reveals an Inversion Transition State in the Photoisomerization of Phenylazoimidazole.

The journal of physical chemistry letters·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 25, 2026

Techniques for the Evolution of Robust Pentose-fermenting Yeast for Bioconversion of Lignocellulose to Ethanol
14:53

Techniques for the Evolution of Robust Pentose-fermenting Yeast for Bioconversion of Lignocellulose to Ethanol

Published on: October 24, 2016

12.0K

Criegee Intermediates React with Levoglucosan on Water.

Shinichi Enami1, Michael R Hoffmann2, A J Colussi2

  • 1National Institute for Environmental Studies , 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan.

The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters
|August 3, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Levoglucosan (Levo) and other sugars are not inert but react quickly with Criegee intermediates. This finding suggests atmospheric saccharides significantly contribute to secondary organic aerosol formation.

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Integrating Biochemical Functions of &#946;-Glucanases and Peroxidase Enzymes in Wheat-RWA Interaction
10:26

Author Spotlight: Integrating Biochemical Functions of β-Glucanases and Peroxidase Enzymes in Wheat-RWA Interaction

Published on: July 26, 2024

1.2K
Methods for Facilitating Microbial Growth on Pulp Mill Waste Streams and Characterization of the Biodegradation Potential of Cultured Microbes
16:33

Methods for Facilitating Microbial Growth on Pulp Mill Waste Streams and Characterization of the Biodegradation Potential of Cultured Microbes

Published on: December 12, 2013

10.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 25, 2026

Techniques for the Evolution of Robust Pentose-fermenting Yeast for Bioconversion of Lignocellulose to Ethanol
14:53

Techniques for the Evolution of Robust Pentose-fermenting Yeast for Bioconversion of Lignocellulose to Ethanol

Published on: October 24, 2016

12.0K
Author Spotlight: Integrating Biochemical Functions of &#946;-Glucanases and Peroxidase Enzymes in Wheat-RWA Interaction
10:26

Author Spotlight: Integrating Biochemical Functions of β-Glucanases and Peroxidase Enzymes in Wheat-RWA Interaction

Published on: July 26, 2024

1.2K
Methods for Facilitating Microbial Growth on Pulp Mill Waste Streams and Characterization of the Biodegradation Potential of Cultured Microbes
16:33

Methods for Facilitating Microbial Growth on Pulp Mill Waste Streams and Characterization of the Biodegradation Potential of Cultured Microbes

Published on: December 12, 2013

10.0K

Area of Science:

  • Atmospheric Chemistry
  • Biomass Burning Emissions
  • Secondary Organic Aerosols

Background:

  • Levoglucosan (Levo), a biomass burning tracer, was considered chemically inert.
  • Atmospheric aerosols contain abundant saccharides like Levo, glucose, arabitol, and mannitol.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the reactivity of saccharides with Criegee intermediates (CIs).
  • To determine the role of saccharides in secondary organic aerosol formation.

Main Methods:

  • Studied reactions on water:acetonitrile microjets.
  • Investigated reactions of Levo, glucose, arabitol, and mannitol with CIs from sesquiterpene ozonolysis.

Main Results:

  • Saccharides, including Levo, react rapidly with Criegee intermediates.
  • Levoglucosan reacts faster with CIs than with water or 1-octanol at air-aqueous interfaces.
  • Reactivity is linked to low interfacial water density and higher saccharide acidity.

Conclusions:

  • Atmospheric saccharides are reactive toward Criegee intermediates.
  • Saccharides may be significant contributors to secondary organic aerosol mass loading and growth.