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Cognitive performance of premature infants: association between bronchopulmonary dysplasia and cognitive skills.

Rosane Reis de Mello1, Ana Beatriz Rodrigues Reis2, Kátia Silveira da Silva3

  • 1MD, PhD. Attending Physician, Department of Neonatology, Instituto Nacional de Saúde da Mulher, da Criança e do Adolescente Fernandes Figueira, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Brazil.

Sao Paulo Medical Journal = Revista Paulista De Medicina
|August 3, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia in premature infants is linked to slower processing speeds. This condition independently impacts cognitive development, specifically affecting processing speed quotient in very low birth weight children.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Neurology
  • Developmental Pediatrics
  • Neonatology

Background:

  • Premature birth is associated with cognitive deficits, including impaired memory, attention, and processing speed.
  • Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a chronic lung disease that can negatively affect neurodevelopment in preterm infants.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the cognitive performance of very low birth weight preterm infants.
  • To examine the relationship between bronchopulmonary dysplasia and cognitive outcomes, controlling for confounding factors.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study involving 112 preterm infants was conducted.
  • Cognitive function was assessed using the Wechsler intelligence scale.
  • Multivariate logistic regression was employed to analyze associations between BPD and cognitive domains.

Main Results:

  • No significant differences in full-scale, verbal, or performance IQ were found between infants with and without BPD.
  • Processing speed quotient was significantly lower in infants with BPD (P = 0.02).
  • Bronchopulmonary dysplasia was independently associated with a lower processing speed quotient (OR: 3.1; 95% CI: 1.1-8.7).

Conclusions:

  • Bronchopulmonary dysplasia is an independent risk factor for impaired processing speed in preterm infants.
  • Cognitive development, particularly processing speed, should be monitored in preterm infants with BPD.
Abstract

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