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Related Concept Videos

Blood Pressure01:30

Blood Pressure

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Blood pressure (BP) is the pressure or force of blood exerted on the artery's walls as it circulates through the body. It is essential for maintaining blood flow throughout the body.
The average BP in an adult is typically around 120/80 mmHg (millimeters of mercury). In this measurement, the numerator (120) indicates the systolic pressure, which is the pressure in the arteries during the contraction of the heart's ventricles as blood is expelled. The denominator (80) represents the...
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The movement of blood in a human body, commonly referred to as blood flow, is determined by the volume of blood that traverses a certain section of the bodily system per unit time. It is the rhythmic contraction of the heart's ventricles that primarily instigates this movement. As the ventricles contract, blood is forced into the prominent arteries, which then flow from areas of greater pressure to lower pressure areas. This movement continues into smaller arteries and arterioles and...
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Several physiological and lifestyle factors influence blood pressure (BP). Understanding these factors is crucial as they are significant in patient education and blood pressure management.
Physiological Factors:
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Measuring blood pressure is a fundamental skill in healthcare that aids in diagnosing and monitoring hypertension and other cardiovascular conditions. An aneroid sphygmomanometer, commonly used in clinical settings, offers a manual and precise method for blood pressure measurement. The technique for using this instrument involves specific steps that must be carefully executed to ensure accuracy. The following detailed description outlines a two-step technique for assessing blood pressure using...
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Hypertension III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:30

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Hypertension is asymptomatic and also referred to as the "silent killer" until it progresses to a severe stage or causes target organ disease. Patients may experience symptoms stemming from the strain on blood vessels and tissues in various organs or the heart's increased workload.Physical exams might show no abnormalities other than high blood pressure. Signs of vascular damage, when present, correspond to the organs supplied by the affected vessels, leading to target organ damage. For...
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Assessing blood pressure is a standard procedure executed in virtually all medical environments. The method utilized today was established over a hundred years ago by an innovative Russian doctor, Dr. Nikolai Korotkoff. The soft ticking noise, known as Korotkoff sounds, heard while taking blood pressure readings results from turbulent blood flow within the vessels. The apparatus required for this procedure includes a sphygmomanometer, a blood pressure cuff attached to a gauge, and a...
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AN EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDY OF BLOOD PRESSURE AMONG SCHOOL CHILDREN.

J Mukhopadhya1, S K Krishnan2, R K Choudhury3

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|August 4, 2017
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Summary

Childhood blood pressure is higher in boys and increases with age. Risk factors like family history, socioeconomic status, and overweight increase blood pressure, with mild hypertension found in 0.77% of children.

Keywords:
Blood pressureEpidemiologyHypertension

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Cardiovascular Health
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Childhood hypertension is a growing concern with potential long-term cardiovascular implications.
  • Identifying risk factors in pediatric populations is crucial for early intervention.
  • Limited data exists on the prevalence and associated factors of hypertension in school-aged children.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of hypertension among school children aged 5-15 years.
  • To investigate the association between blood pressure and various risk factors including sex, age, family history, socioeconomic status, and body weight.
  • To assess the clinical presentation and underlying pathology in children with elevated blood pressure.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study involving 1170 school children aged 5-15 years.
  • Standardized measurement of blood pressure.
  • Data collection on demographic factors, family history of cardiovascular morbidity, socioeconomic status, and body mass index (BMI).

Main Results:

  • Mean blood pressure was significantly higher in boys than girls across all age groups.
  • Blood pressure showed a steady increase with age in both sexes.
  • Children with a positive family history of cardiovascular morbidity, higher socioeconomic status, and overweight status exhibited significantly higher blood pressure.
  • Persistent hypertension was detected in 0.77% of children, characterized by mild, asymptomatic cases without identifiable underlying pathology.

Conclusions:

  • Childhood is a critical period for monitoring blood pressure and identifying hypertension risk factors.
  • Selective screening of high-risk children (boys, older children, those with family history, higher socioeconomic status, or overweight) is recommended for early detection and management of hypertension.
  • Further research is warranted to understand the long-term outcomes of childhood hypertension and the effectiveness of early screening programs.