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Inflammatory Response01:28

Inflammatory Response

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An inflammatory response is a localized, nonspecific immune reaction that occurs when a tissue is injured. It is characterized by redness, swelling, heat, and pain, which are commonly called the cardinal signs and symptoms of inflammation. Inflammation can sometimes result in a loss of function.
Inflammation can be triggered by various stimuli, such as impact, abrasion, chemical irritation, infections, and extreme hot or cold temperatures. These can damage cells and connective tissue fibers,...
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease IV: Pharmacological Management01:29

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Upon diagnosis, managing Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) involves addressing several crucial aspects. The primary goals include resting the bowel, correcting malnutrition, and providing symptomatic relief. Resting the bowel may consist of medications to reduce inflammation and promote healing. Correcting malnutrition is essential, often requiring dietary adjustments and nutritional supplements. Symptomatic relief aims to ease pain, diarrhea, and other discomforts in IBD.
Pharmacologic...
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Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF), a proinflammatory cytokine, contributes significantly to the inflammation seen in Crohn's disease. It exists as soluble TNF and membrane-bound TNF, with actions mediated through TNF receptors (TNFR). TNFR activation leads to the release of proinflammatory cytokines, T-cell activation, collagen production, and leukocyte migration, all contributing to inflammation in Crohn's disease. Anti-TNF monoclonal antibodies, namely infliximab (Remicade), adalimumab...
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Atherosclerosis III: Management01:26

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Management of atherosclerosis involves an integrated strategy encompassing pharmacological treatment, surgical interventions, lifestyle changes, and nutrition therapy to address the multifactorial nature of the disease.Pharmacological TherapyA cornerstone of atherosclerosis management is the use of pharmacological agents. Statins, such as atorvastatin, are pivotal in inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase, an enzyme that catalyzes an initial step in cholesterol synthesis in the liver. This reduction in...
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Crohn's disease is an inflammatory bowel disorder marked by chronic inflammation of the GI tract. Various treatment strategies for Crohn's disease are employed, such as immunomodulatory agents, glucocorticoids, and biologics or anti-TNF therapy. Azathioprine (Imuran), a commonly used immunomodulatory drug for Crohn's disease, is converted in the body to mercaptopurine, which inhibits purine biosynthesis and cell proliferation. Both are utilized in severe cases of Inflammatory Bowel...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 25, 2026

Screening Assays to Characterize Novel Endothelial Regulators Involved in the Inflammatory Response
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Multiple target-centric strategy to tame inflammation.

Gaganpreet Kaur1, Om Silakari1

  • 1Molecular Modeling Lab (MML), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab 147002, India.

Future Medicinal Chemistry
|August 4, 2017
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Targeting multiple pathways offers a superior approach to treating complex inflammatory diseases compared to single-target drugs. This review highlights multitarget agents as a promising therapeutic strategy for inflammation.

Keywords:
inflammationmultiple target-centric strategiesmultitarget drugs

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Drug Discovery
  • Inflammation Research

Background:

  • Single-target inhibition is insufficient for multifactorial pathologies like inflammation.
  • The 'paradox of inflammation' and lack of innovation necessitate new therapeutic strategies.
  • Multitarget drug design is emerging as a viable alternative to single-target approaches.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review multitarget agents for treating inflammation.
  • To evaluate the advantages of multitarget strategies over single-target approaches.
  • To explore both synthetic and natural multitarget agents.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of multitarget anti-inflammatory agents.
  • Analysis of drug development strategies, including drug mixtures and multitarget drugs.
  • Case study of licofelone as a successful dual cyclooxygenase/lipoxygenase inhibitor.

Main Results:

  • Multitarget strategies, particularly multitarget drugs, show significant promise in overcoming the limitations of single-target therapies.
  • Licofelone exemplifies the success of developing multitarget agents after safety concerns with previous single-target drugs (e.g., rofecoxib).
  • Both synthetic and natural compounds are being explored as multitarget agents for inflammation.

Conclusions:

  • Multitarget drug design is a more viable and effective strategy for managing complex inflammatory conditions.
  • The development of agents like licofelone validates the multitarget approach.
  • Further research into diverse synthetic and natural multitarget agents is warranted for effective inflammation therapy.