Material Flow Analysis in Indentation by Two-Dimensional Digital Image Correlation and Finite Elements Method.

Area of Science:

• Materials Science
• Mechanical Engineering
• Computational Mechanics

Background:

• Material flow analysis is crucial for understanding metal forming processes.
• Accurate simulation of indentation requires validated numerical models.
• Experimental techniques like Digital Image Correlation (DIC) are essential for validating simulations.

Purpose of the Study:

• To analyze material flow during deep indentation using both numerical and experimental methods.
• To validate the Finite Element Method (FEM) model against experimental DIC results.
• To assess the effectiveness of FEM in predicting forces and deformations in indentation.

Main Methods:

• Two-dimensional Finite Element Method (FEM) simulations using DEFORM™ software.
• Experimental analysis using two-dimensional Digital Image Correlation (DIC).
• Utilized 99% tin, a ductile material, for deep indentation tests without cracking. Applied spray painting for enhanced DIC pattern contrast.

Main Results:

• Good correlation was observed between FEM and experimental load-displacement curves.
• Strain maps from FEM and DIC showed a 10-20% difference in Von Mises strain, validating the numerical model.
• FEM proved effective for simulating indentation, predicting maximum forces and deformations.

Conclusions:

• FEM is a reliable tool for simulating indentation processes.
• The non-contact DIC technique effectively measures superficial strain maps, validating FEM results.
• Combined FEM and DIC approaches enhance the understanding of material behavior during forming.