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An ex-ovo Chicken Embryo Culture System Suitable for Imaging and Microsurgery Applications
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Aerobic scope in chicken embryos.

Satoko T Ide1, Ryoji Ide1, Jacopo P Mortola1

  • 1Department of Physiology, McGill University, 3655 Promenade Sir William Osler, room 1121, Montreal, Quebec H3G 1Y6, Canada.

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology. Part A, Molecular & Integrative Physiology
|August 5, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Chicken embryos show limited aerobic scope, meaning their oxygen consumption doesn't increase much beyond normal levels. Oxygen availability becomes a limiting factor only near hatching, unlike in postnatal animals.

Keywords:
Gas exchangeGrowthHyperthermiaOxygen limitationPrenatal metabolism

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Area of Science:

  • Physiological ecology
  • Developmental biology
  • Avian physiology

Background:

  • Aerobic scope, the capacity for increased oxygen consumption, is crucial for animal adaptation.
  • Understanding aerobic scope in developing organisms like chicken embryos provides insights into physiological limitations during growth.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the aerobic scope of chicken embryos across various developmental stages and temperatures.
  • To determine the influence of thermal stress and oxygen availability on embryonic oxygen consumption.

Main Methods:

  • Oxygen consumption was measured using an open-flow methodology in chicken embryos at multiple developmental ages (E3-E20).
  • Experiments were conducted under varying temperatures: thermoneutral (38°C), hypothermic (30°C), and hyperthermic (41°C, 44°C).
  • The effect of increased oxygen availability was assessed by opening the air cell.

Main Results:

  • Embryonic oxygen consumption ( [Formula: see text] ) showed limited response to hyperthermia, except near hatching (internal and external pipping).
  • Cold temperatures (hypothermia) revealed some thermogenesis in late-stage embryos.
  • Increased oxygen availability significantly boosted oxygen consumption in late-stage embryos (E19, IP, EP).

Conclusions:

  • Chicken embryos exhibit a nearly absent aerobic scope for most of incubation, indicating minimal capacity for increased oxygen use.
  • Heat and oxygen availability do not limit normal embryonic oxygen consumption until the final stages before hatching.
  • Limited aerobic scope in embryos is likely due to maximized energy expenditure for growth and tissue maintenance.