The Involvement of miRNA in Carotid-Related Stroke
Pierre Maitrias1, Valérie Metzinger-Le Meuth2, Joseph Nader2
1From the Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Amiens University Hospital, France (P.M., J.N., T.R., T.C.); University Paris 13, Sorbonne Paris Cite, UFR SMBH, Bobigny, France (V.M.-L.M.); INSERM Unit-1088, Pathophysiological Mechanisms and Consequences of Cardiovascular Calcifications, Centre Universitaire de Recherche en Santé, University Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France (P.M., V.M.-L.M., J.N., T.C., L.M.); Medicine College, Jules Verne University of Picardie, Amiens, France (P.M., T.R.); and Department of Biochemistry, Center of Human Biology, Amiens University Hospital, France (L.M.). maitrias.pierre@chu-amiens.fr.
Insights
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) show promise as biomarkers and therapeutic targets for stroke, particularly carotid artery stroke. Further research into their genetic mechanisms can improve diagnosis and treatment strategies for this leading cause of disability.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Genetics
- Neuroscience
Background:
- Cardiovascular disease, especially stroke, is a major cause of death and disability globally.
- Carotid artery stroke presents a significant public health and economic challenge.
- Current prevention strategies have advanced, but deeper understanding of stroke's pathophysiology and genetic underpinnings is crucial for improved outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in cerebrovascular disease, focusing on stroke.
- To explore the potential of miRNAs as noninvasive biomarkers and therapeutic agents for stroke.
- To highlight findings from animal models and human profiling studies related to carotid artery stroke.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies on miRNAs in cell-based and animal models of stroke.
- Analysis of human miRNA profiling data specifically for carotid artery stroke.
- Synthesis of current knowledge on miRNA involvement in stroke pathophysiology.
Main Results:
- miRNAs are identified as key post-transcriptional regulators involved in cerebrovascular disease.
- Evidence suggests specific miRNAs play roles in various stroke models.
- Human miRNA profiling studies offer insights into carotid artery stroke mechanisms.
Conclusions:
- miRNAs represent a significant area for advancing stroke diagnosis and therapy.
- The potential for miRNAs as noninvasive biomarkers for stroke is promising.
- Further investigation into miRNA's genetic mechanisms is essential for clinical application in stroke management.
Abstract:
Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in developed countries. Stroke is associated with a marked disability burden and has a major economic impact; this is especially true for carotid artery stroke. Major advances in primary and secondary prevention during the last few decades have helped to tackle this public health problem. However, better knowledge of the physiopathology of stroke and its underlying genetic mechanisms is needed to improve diagnosis and therapy. miRNAs are an important, recently identified class of post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression and are known to be involved in cerebrovascular disease. These endogenous, small, noncoding RNAs may have applications as noninvasive biomarkers and therapeutic tools in practice. Here, we review the involvement of several miRNAs in cell-based and whole-animal models of stroke, with a focus on human miRNA profiling studies of carotid artery stroke. Lastly, we describe the miRNAs' potential role as a biomarker of stroke.
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