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CLINICAL PROFILE OF TAKAYASU'S ARTERITIS.

S K Sharma1, K V Sangameswaran2, S P Kalra3

  • 1Reader, Department of Medicine, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune-411040.

Medical Journal, Armed Forces India
|August 5, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Takayasu

Keywords:
Takayasu's arteritis

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Area of Science:

  • Vascular Medicine
  • Rheumatology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Takayasu's arteritis (TA) is a large vessel vasculitis affecting the aorta and its branches.
  • Understanding the patterns of vascular involvement and clinical manifestations is crucial for timely diagnosis and management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the demographic, clinical, and angiographic features of Takayasu's arteritis.
  • To identify common patterns of aortic and branch artery involvement in TA patients.
  • To determine the frequency of systemic features and complications in TA.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 30 consecutive Takayasu's arteritis cases over four years.
  • Vascular involvement assessed using Duplex Doppler study and aortography.
  • Clinical features, systemic involvement, and complications were recorded.

Main Results:

  • The mean age of patients was 24.7 years, with a female predominance (1:1.2 male:female ratio).
  • Vascular involvement types were Type I (10%), Type II (40%), and Type III (50%).
  • Commonly involved branches included renal arteries (76.6%), coeliac and superior mesenteric arteries (46.6%), and the right common carotid artery (30%).
  • Hypertension (83.3%), unequal pulses (80%), and arterial bruit (66.6%) were frequent clinical findings.
  • Stroke (20%), cardiac failure (10%), and renal failure (10%) were observed complications.

Conclusions:

  • Takayasu's arteritis predominantly affects young adults, with a slight female predilection.
  • Renal and mesenteric arteries are frequently involved, leading to significant clinical manifestations like hypertension and stroke.
  • Prompt diagnosis and management are essential to prevent severe complications such as stroke and organ failure.