IMPORTANCE OF PROSTATIC SPECIFIC ANTIGEN (PSA) IN CLINICAL PRACTICE : OUR EXPERIENCE

Area of Science:

• Urology
• Oncology
• Biochemistry

Background:

• Prostate specific antigen (PSA) is a key biomarker for prostate health.
• Accurate interpretation of PSA levels is crucial for diagnosing prostatic conditions.
• Age and prostatic disease influence PSA levels.

Purpose of the Study:

• To analyze prostate specific antigen (PSA) levels in patients with various histopathologically confirmed prostatic conditions.
• To correlate PSA levels with clinical findings for improved diagnostic accuracy.
• To evaluate the diagnostic performance of PSA in differentiating prostate cancer.

Main Methods:

• Analysis of 89 patients aged 50-92 with confirmed prostatic conditions.
• Measurement of serum PSA levels.
• Clinical correlation and statistical analysis (p < 0.05).

Main Results:

• Significantly higher PSA levels in prostate carcinoma (93.16 ± 50.75 ng/ml) vs. benign prostatic hyperplasia (4.66 ± 3.85 ng/ml).
• Reduced PSA levels post-operatively in adenocarcinoma cases (10.77 ± 9.65 ng/ml) compared to pre-operative levels (93.16 ± 60.75 ng/ml).
• Moderately elevated PSA in prostatitis cases (13.28 ± 4.53 ng/ml).
• High sensitivity (95.8%), specificity (75.6%), and positive predictive value (82.2%) for adenocarcinoma with PSA > 10 ng/ml.

Conclusions:

• PSA levels are significantly elevated in prostate cancer and prostatitis, and decrease after treatment.
• PSA testing, particularly levels > 10 ng/ml, demonstrates high diagnostic value for adenocarcinoma.
• Further detailed examination is necessary for definitive diagnosis and early management of prostatic conditions.