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Related Concept Videos

Types of Fever01:25

Types of Fever

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Fever can be triggered by several factors, including infections, nervous system disorders, certain cancers, blood diseases like leukemia, embolism, thrombosis, heatstroke, dehydration, surgical trauma, crushing injuries, and allergic reactions.
Here are the different types of fever:
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Patterns of Fever01:26

Patterns of Fever

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Before understanding the types and patterns of fever, it is essential to know its phases.
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Increased Body Temperature01:25

Increased Body Temperature

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A body temperature above  38°C  (100.4 °F) is known as fever or pyrexia, and a person with fever is termed 'febrile.' Typically, the hypothalamus, a part of the brain that acts as the body's thermostat, regulates body temperature through a thermoregulatory setpoint. It receives signals from cold and warm thermal receptors throughout the body and adjusts the body's temperature accordingly. Fever occurs when this hypothalamic setpoint is altered, usually in...
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Methods of reducing fever01:22

Methods of reducing fever

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The signs and symptoms of fever include hot and dry skin, flushed face, thirst, muscle aches, anorexia, headache, tachycardia, tachypnea, and fatigue. Elevated body temperature is reduced using two methods: pharmacological and nonpharmacological. Proper identification and treatment of the root cause of a fever is of utmost importance.
Pharmacological Methods of Reducing Fever:
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Acute Pharyngitis01:30

Acute Pharyngitis

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Introduction
Acute pharyngitis is the inflammation of the back of the throat (pharynx), commonly resulting in a sore throat. It is a frequently encountered condition that prompts individuals to seek medical advice.
Classification
Acute pharyngitis can be categorized based on its underlying cause:
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Acute Pyelonephritis I: Introduction01:27

Acute Pyelonephritis I: Introduction

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Pyelonephritis is a bacterial infection that primarily affects the renal parenchyma and collecting system, including the renal pelvis, tubules, and interstitial tissue of one or both kidneys. It can be classified as either acute—a sudden, severe infection—or chronic, which refers to long-term or recurrent kidney infections.The primary cause of acute pyelonephritis (APN) is bacterial infection, with Escherichia coli accounting for approximately 70-80% of cases. Other bacteria, such...
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FEVER OF UNKNOWN ORIGIN.

S K Datta1, M K Mahapatra2

  • 1Graded Specialist (Medicine). Military Hospital, Trivandrum - 695006.

Medical Journal, Armed Forces India
|August 5, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Infectious diseases, particularly tuberculosis, were the leading cause of fever of unknown origin (FUO) in this study. Diagnostic yield was highest with serial chest X-rays, aiding FUO investigations.

Keywords:
Fever of unknown originPyrexia

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Area of Science:

  • Internal Medicine
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Rheumatology

Background:

  • Fever of unknown origin (FUO) presents a diagnostic challenge in clinical practice.
  • Identifying the underlying etiology of FUO is crucial for effective patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the etiological spectrum of FUO in patients admitted to Service Hospitals.
  • To evaluate the diagnostic utility of various investigations in identifying the cause of FUO.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective study of 46 patients diagnosed with FUO between 1989 and 1997.
  • Analysis of patient demographics, clinical presentation, diagnostic investigations, and final etiological classification.
  • Review of diagnostic yield from investigations including radiography, biopsy, cytology, serology, and imaging.

Main Results:

  • Infectious diseases accounted for 45.65% of FUO cases, with tuberculosis being the most common (28.26%).
  • Malignancies and collagen vascular diseases each represented 17.39% of cases.
  • Serial chest radiography provided diagnostic information in 41.3% of patients, proving to be the most valuable investigation.

Conclusions:

  • Infectious etiologies, especially tuberculosis, are significant contributors to FUO.
  • While various investigations are useful, serial chest radiography plays a pivotal role in diagnosing FUO.
  • A systematic approach utilizing multiple diagnostic modalities is essential for uncovering the cause of FUO.