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Effect of antibiotics on platelet thromboplastic function and thrombin activity
Journal of Medicine
|January 1, 1978
Summary
Certain antibiotics like ampicillin and cephaloridine prolong recalcification time, while ampicillin, cefazolin, cephalothin, and cephaloridine extend prothrombin time. Antibiotics significantly reduce platelet function, except benzylpenicillin.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacology
- Hematology
- Clinical Microbiology
Background:
- Antibiotics are widely used, but their potential effects on hemostasis are not fully understood.
- Penicillins and cephalosporins are common antibiotic classes with varying chemical structures.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the in vitro effects of several penicillin and cephalosporin antibiotics on hemostasis parameters.
- To evaluate the impact of these antibiotics on coagulation tests and platelet function.
Main Methods:
- In vitro experiments using carbenicillin, sulphobenzylpenicillin, ampicillin, benzylpenicillin, cefazolin, cephalothin, and cephaloridine.
- Assays included recalcification time, prothrombin time (PT), plasma antithrombin activity, and platelet thromboplastic function.
Main Results:
- Ampicillin, sulphobenzylpenicillin, carbenicillin, and cephaloridine prolonged recalcification time.
- Ampicillin, cefazolin, cephalothin, and cephaloridine prolonged PT at a 10(-2) M concentration.
- Most antibiotics significantly reduced platelet thromboplastic function, with benzylpenicillin showing minimal effect at 10(-3) M.
- Albumin preincubation inhibited antibiotic-induced reduction in platelet function, except for carbenicillin and cephaloridine.
Conclusions:
- Several penicillin and cephalosporin antibiotics can interfere with hemostasis in vitro.
- The observed effects on coagulation and platelet function may contribute to bleeding risks associated with intramuscular antibiotic administration.