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Substrate utilization by Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli.

H N Westfall, D M Rollins, E Weiss

    Applied and Environmental Microbiology
    |October 1, 1986
    PubMed
    Summary

    This study investigated Campylobacter spp. physiology by measuring carbon dioxide (CO2) formation from labeled substrates. Campylobacter jejuni and C. coli rapidly metabolized glutamate, glutamine, alpha-ketoglutarate, and formate, showing unique CO2 production kinetics.

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    Area of Science:

    • Microbiology
    • Biochemistry
    • Cell Physiology

    Background:

    • Campylobacter species are significant human pathogens.
    • Understanding their metabolic pathways is crucial for controlling infections.
    • Physiological characteristics can be inferred from substrate metabolism kinetics.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To elucidate physiological characteristics of Campylobacter spp.
    • To analyze carbon dioxide (CO2) formation kinetics from 14C-labeled substrates.
    • To compare substrate metabolism between Campylobacter jejuni, Campylobacter coli, and Escherichia coli.

    Main Methods:

    • Campylobacter jejuni and C. coli were cultured in a biphasic medium and harvested at 12 hours.
    • Cells were incubated with four 14C-labeled substrates: glutamate, glutamine, alpha-ketoglutarate, and formate.

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  • CO2 production was measured using varying substrate concentrations (0.0032 M to 0.125 M) in a minimal essential medium buffered with potassium sodium phosphate.

    • Main Results:

    • Both Campylobacter species rapidly metabolized all four tested substrates.
    • Diphasic kinetics (initial burst followed by moderate rate) of CO2 production were observed, especially with alpha-ketoglutarate.
    • Escherichia coli, under identical conditions, did not exhibit these diphasic kinetics.
    • Increased substrate concentration significantly enhanced the metabolism rate of glutamate, glutamine, and alpha-ketoglutarate in Campylobacter species.
    • Campylobacter jejuni showed rapid CO2 production from formate throughout the incubation period.

    Conclusions:

    • The study identified distinct CO2 formation kinetics in Campylobacter spp. from various substrates.
    • These metabolic patterns differ from those observed in Escherichia coli.
    • The described methodology may be valuable for detecting physiological changes in Campylobacter cells beyond their logarithmic growth phase.