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Heparanase: Potential roles in multiple sclerosis.

Benjarat Changyaleket1, Zane Deliu1, Andreia Z Chignalia1

  • 1Department of Anesthesiology, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.

Journal of Neuroimmunology
|August 6, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Heparanase, an enzyme degrading heparan sulfate, is implicated in neurodegenerative diseases. Its role in multiple sclerosis (MS) pathology and potential as a therapeutic target warrants further investigation.

Keywords:
GlioblastomaHeparan sulfateHeparan sulfate proteoglycanMultiple sclerosisStroke

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Biochemistry
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Heparanase enzyme degrades heparan sulfate (HS) chains on HS proteoglycans (HSPGs).
  • Heparanase is known for roles in tumor metastasis and inflammation.
  • Emerging evidence suggests heparanase contributes to neurodegenerative diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review heparanase roles in the central nervous system (CNS).
  • To explore the potential role of heparanase in multiple sclerosis (MS) pathology.
  • To assess the potential of heparanase inhibitors for MS treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of heparanase functions in CNS diseases.
  • Analysis of heparanase involvement in inflammation and leukocyte infiltration.
  • Speculation on heparanase's role in MS and its animal model, EAE.

Main Results:

  • Heparanase influences various HSPGs, affecting growth factors, chemokines, cytokines, and extracellular matrix components.
  • Known roles in stroke, Alzheimer's disease, and glioma growth.
  • Likely contribution to MS pathology due to its inflammatory and leukocyte infiltration roles.

Conclusions:

  • Heparanase is a significant factor in neurodegenerative disease pathogenesis.
  • Further research into heparanase's role in MS is justified.
  • Heparanase inhibitors may represent a viable therapeutic strategy for MS.