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Perceived Shared Condemnation Intensifies Punitive Moral Emotions
Naoki Konishi1, Tomoko Oe2, Hiroshi Shimizu3
1Department of Psychology, Graduate School of Humanities, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan.
Scientific Reports
|August 6, 2017
Summary
Understanding punishment in human cooperation is key. This study shows that knowing others condemn norm violations amplifies moral outrage, aiding costly punishment and cooperation.
Area of Science:
- Evolutionary psychology
- Social psychology
- Behavioral economics
Background:
- Human cooperation relies on costly punishment, but its evolutionary stability is debated.
- Punishers face a free-rider problem from non-punishers.
- Moral emotions like outrage and disgust may drive costly punishment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate if perceived social condemnation influences moral emotions and empathy.
- To understand how shared condemnation affects the willingness to punish.
Main Methods:
- Study 1: Scenario-based correlational study.
- Study 2: Experimental manipulation of shared condemnation information.
- Study 3: Autobiographical recall to assess external validity.
Main Results:
- Perceived social condemnation positively correlated with moral outrage and disgust.
- Shared condemnation reduced empathy for norm violators.
- Experimental evidence confirmed that shared condemnation amplifies moral outrage.
Conclusions:
- Socially shared condemnation enhances moral emotions, potentially facilitating costly punishment.
- This mechanism may help resolve the evolutionary puzzle of costly punishment in human cooperation.
- Knowledge of others' condemnation can overcome free-riding incentives.
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