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Related Concept Videos

Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications01:15

Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications

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For most patients, experiencing several weeks of polyuria, polydipsia, fatigue, and significant weight loss may indicate the presence of diabetes. Furthermore, adults displaying the phenotypic appearance of type 2 diabetes (particularly those who are obese and not initially insulin-requiring), may have islet cell autoantibodies, suggesting autoimmune-mediated β cell destruction and a diagnosis of latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA). The categorization of glucose homeostasis is...
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Pathophysiology of Diabetes01:20

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Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia. The four categories of diabetes are type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, other specific types of diabetes, and gestational diabetes.
Type 1 diabetes is characterized by autoimmune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β cells, with environmental factors potentially triggering this process in genetically susceptible individuals. Despite many not having a family history, certain genes increase susceptibility,...
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Carbohydrate Metabolism01:36

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Carbohydrates are polymers composed of molecules containing atoms of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. One gram of carbohydrate can provide four kilo-calories of energy, which makes it the most efficient instant energy source.
Starch accounts for approximately 60% of the carbohydrates consumed by humans. Since amylase enzymes cannot function in the stomach's acidic environment, starch can only be digested in the mouth and small intestine. Simple sugars are found naturally in milk and fruits in...
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Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational01:22

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Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
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Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype01:22

Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype

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Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels due to inadequate insulin production, insulin resistance, or both. The condition affects millions worldwide and can significantly impact their health and quality of life.
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...
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Author Spotlight: Emerging Technologies and Advanced Tools for Decoding Metabolomics Data Analysis
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Metabolomics window into diabetic complications.

Tao Wu1,2, Shuxuan Qiao3, Chenze Shi3

  • 1Center of Chinese Medical Therapy and Systems Biology, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.

Journal of Diabetes Investigation
|August 6, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Metabolomics reveals key metabolic changes in diabetes, aiding understanding of diabetic complications. This approach helps identify biomarkers for preventing and predicting conditions like diabetic neuropathy.

Keywords:
BiomarkerDiabetic complicationsMetabolomics

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Metabolomics
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Diabetes mellitus is a significant global health challenge.
  • Understanding metabolic alterations in diabetes is crucial for pathogenesis insights.
  • Identifying biomarkers and drug targets is essential for managing diabetic complications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the application of metabolomics in understanding diabetic complications.
  • To highlight the role of metabolomics in identifying biomarkers for diabetic complications.
  • To provide insights into the prevention and prediction of diabetic complications.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review on metabolomics studies in diabetes.
  • Analysis of metabolic alterations in various diabetic complications.
  • Synthesis of current knowledge on metabolomics applications.

Main Results:

  • Metabolomics effectively identifies characteristic metabolic shifts in diabetic progression.
  • Metabolomic data provides insights into the pathogenesis of diabetic complications.
  • The review covers diabetic coronary artery disease, nephropathy, retinopathy, and neuropathy.

Conclusions:

  • Metabolomics is a powerful tool for elucidating diabetic pathogenesis and complications.
  • Metabolomic biomarkers can aid in the prediction and prevention of diabetic complications.
  • Further research using metabolomics can lead to novel therapeutic strategies.