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Induction of Cerebral Arterial Gas Embolism in Rat

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Is decompression illness possible during hyperbaric therapy? a case report.

C Gariel¹, B Delwarde^1,2, S Beroud³

¹Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Edouard Herriot Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France.

Undersea & Hyperbaric Medicine : Journal of the Undersea and Hyperbaric Medical Society, Inc

|August 6, 2017

Summary

A patient experienced severe shock after hyperbaric oxygen therapy due to a gastric band causing barotrauma and gas embolism. Deflating the band resolved symptoms, highlighting the need for awareness of gastric band history before therapy.

Keywords:

VGE gas embolism gastric distension

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Area of Science:

Emergency Medicine
Hyperbaric Medicine
Gastroenterology

Background:

Hyperbaric oxygen (HBO₂) therapy involves breathing pure oxygen in a pressurized chamber.
Patients with implanted medical devices require careful consideration before undergoing HBO₂ therapy.
Gastric bands are adjustable devices used for weight loss, placed around the stomach.

Observation:

A 57-year-old woman developed severe hypotensive shock post-HBO₂ therapy.
The shock was linked to gastric barotrauma and venous gas embolism.
A filled gastric band/cuff prevented gas escape during decompression, causing the barotrauma.

Findings:

Deflation of the gastric band led to complete symptom resolution.
Two subsequent HBO₂ sessions were tolerated without adverse events.
The patient was discharged on Day Three with full recovery.

Implications:

Physicians must inquire about gastric band history before HBO₂ therapy.
Gastric barotrauma and venous gas embolism are potential risks associated with HBO₂ in patients with gastric bands.
Awareness and pre-therapy screening are crucial to prevent serious complications.