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Related Concept Videos

Ankle Joint01:10

Ankle Joint

3.2K
The ankle is formed by the talocrural joint (crural = leg). It consists of the articulations between the talus bone of the foot and the distal ends of the tibia and fibula of the leg. The superior aspect of the talus bone is square-shaped and has three areas of articulation. The top of the talus articulates with the inferior tibia. This is the portion of the ankle joint that carries the body weight between the leg and foot. The sides of the talus are firmly held in position by the articulations...
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Bones of the Lower Limb: Tibia and Fibula01:10

Bones of the Lower Limb: Tibia and Fibula

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The tibia is the main weight-bearing bone of the lower leg. It is larger than the fibula with which it is paired. The tibia is also the second longest bone in the body and is located right below the skin. The proximal end of the tibia forms the medial and the lateral condyle, which articulates with the condyles of the femur to form the knee joint. Between the articulating surfaces is the irregular elevated area known as the intercondylar eminence that serves as the inferior attachment point for...
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Muscles of the Leg that Move the Foot and Toes01:28

Muscles of the Leg that Move the Foot and Toes

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The human leg comprises an intricate system of muscles that facilitate the movement of feet and toes. Within this system, the muscles are categorized into the anterior, lateral, and posterior compartments, each with a unique set of muscles carrying out specific functions.
Anterior Compartment
The anterior compartment includes muscles that contribute to the dorsiflexion of the foot. This compartment houses the tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis longus, and extensor digitorum longus muscles....
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Pulse Assessment Sites01:11

Pulse Assessment Sites

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Pulse assessment sites are crucial in evaluating a patient's cardiovascular health. By assessing the pulsations of arteries at specific anatomical locations, healthcare professionals can gather valuable information about blood flow, heart rate, and peripheral circulation. Understanding these pulse assessment sites is essential for conducting comprehensive cardiovascular evaluations and monitoring patients' overall health. These sites are strategically chosen due to the accessibility and...
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Bones of the Lower Limb: Femur and Patella01:16

Bones of the Lower Limb: Femur and Patella

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The femur is the body's longest and strongest bone spanning the thigh region. Its head articulates with the acetabulum of the hip bone to form the hip joint. A minor indentation on the medial side of the femoral head, called the fovea capitis, serves as the site of attachment for the ligament of the head of the femur. This weak ligament spans the femur and acetabulum and supports the hip joint. The narrowed region below the head is the neck of the femur. The inclination angle between the...
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Arteries of Lower Limbs01:20

Arteries of Lower Limbs

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The external iliac artery transitions out of the body cavity, entering the femoral region of the lower leg, and is renamed the femoral artery at the point where it traverses the body wall. This artery is responsible for the distribution of blood to the thigh's deep muscles and the skin's ventral and lateral regions, achieved through several minor branches and the lateral deep femoral artery, which also spawns a lateral circumflex artery. The knee area receives blood from the genicular...
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Updated: Feb 25, 2026

Diagnosis of Musculus Gastrocnemius Tightness - Key Factors for the Clinical Examination
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Is This My Ankle or My Foot?

William Hodges Davis1

  • 1OrthoCarolina Foot and Ankle Institute, 2001 Vail Avenue, Charlotte, NC 28207, USA.

Foot and Ankle Clinics
|August 7, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Adult acquired flatfoot understanding has evolved, shifting focus to ankle issues. This research questions if some flatfoot cases are primarily ankle-related, not foot problems.

Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Podiatric Medicine
  • Biomechanical Engineering

Background:

  • Adult acquired flatfoot understanding has evolved significantly over 30 years.
  • Treatment for ankle arthritis is shifting from fusion to replacement.
  • Valgus degenerative ankle disease presents complex flatfoot cases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the evolving understanding of adult acquired flatfoot.
  • To investigate the relationship between ankle pathology and flatfoot presentation.
  • To determine if a subset of flatfoot cases are primarily driven by ankle issues.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review on adult acquired flatfoot and ankle arthritis.
  • Analysis of biomechanical factors in valgus degenerative ankle disease.
Keywords:
Ankle arthritisDegenerative ankle diseasePathologic flatfootValgus deformity

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  • Clinical case study review focusing on ankle-driven flatfoot.

    • Main Results:

    • Complex presentations of adult acquired flatfoot are better understood.
    • The evolution of ankle arthritis treatment necessitates re-evaluating flatfoot causes.
    • A potential subset of flatfoot cases may originate from ankle pathology.

    Conclusions:

    • The etiology of adult acquired flatfoot is multifactorial, with increasing recognition of ankle influence.
    • Ankle pathology should be considered in the differential diagnosis of adult acquired flatfoot, especially in valgus deformities.
    • Further research is needed to define and manage ankle-driven flatfoot.