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Silver nanoparticles in dentistry.

Victor T Noronha1, Amauri J Paula1, Gabriela Durán2

  • 1Solid-Biological Interface Group (SolBIN), Department of Physics, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.

Dental Materials : Official Publication of the Academy of Dental Materials
|August 7, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) show significant antimicrobial and antitumor properties, making them promising for dental applications like nanocomposites and cancer treatment. Further research is needed to fully understand their mechanisms and toxicology.

Keywords:
AdhesivesBiofilmsCancerCoatingsComposite resinsDental materialsEndodonticImplantsIntracanalNanocomposites

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Area of Science:

  • Nanotechnology in Dentistry
  • Biomaterials Science
  • Oral Oncology

Background:

  • Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) possess potent antimicrobial properties with broad applicability in dental care.
  • There is a growing research interest in utilizing AgNPs within various dental materials and treatments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the applications of AgNPs in dentistry, including nanocomposites, implant coatings, and antimicrobial pre-formulations.
  • To explore AgNP use in treating oral cancer and as local anesthetics.
  • To summarize current knowledge on AgNP mechanisms of action and toxicology.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature searches were conducted across major scientific databases (Web of Science, PubMed, Google Scholar, etc.).
  • Keywords included "silver nano* or AgNP*" and "dentist* or dental* or odontol*" to identify relevant studies.
  • A total of 155 peer-reviewed articles published primarily between 2012 and 2017 were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • AgNPs demonstrate excellent in vitro antimicrobial activity when incorporated into dental materials like nanocomposites, resins, adhesives, and implant coatings.
  • AgNPs show promise in treating oral cancers due to their antitumor effects.
  • Studies highlight AgNPs as potential agents for sustained drug delivery.

Conclusions:

  • Silver nanoparticles represent a promising biomaterial in dentistry, exhibiting antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antitumor activities.
  • AgNPs offer potential for advanced dental materials and therapeutic applications.
  • Further elucidation of AgNP mechanisms of action and comprehensive toxicological assessment are crucial for their safe and effective clinical translation.