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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 25, 2026

External Cephalic Version: Is it an Effective and Safe Procedure?
08:49

External Cephalic Version: Is it an Effective and Safe Procedure?

Published on: June 6, 2020

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Labour Outcomes After Successful External Cephalic Version Compared With Spontaneous Cephalic Version.

Samantha Krueger1, Julia Simioni1, Lauren E Griffith2

  • 1Midwifery Education Program, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON.

Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada : JOGC = Journal D'Obstetrique Et Gynecologie Du Canada : JOGC
|August 7, 2017
PubMed
Summary

External cephalic version (ECV) for breech presentation is as safe as spontaneous cephalic version (SCV). Successful ECV does not increase the risk of obstetrical interventions compared to SCV.

Keywords:
Caesarean deliveryExternal cephalic versioninstrumental vaginal birthspontaneous cephalic version

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Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Maternal-Fetal Medicine
  • Perinatology

Background:

  • Breech presentation complicates approximately 3-5% of term pregnancies.
  • External cephalic version (ECV) is a procedure to manually turn a fetus from breech to cephalic presentation.
  • Spontaneous cephalic version (SCV) can occur in the third trimester, but its outcomes relative to ECV are less understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare obstetrical outcomes in women with cephalic presentation at birth following successful ECV versus spontaneous cephalic version (SCV).
  • To assess the incidence of intrapartum interventions in these two groups.

Main Methods:

  • Secondary analysis of the Early External Cephalic Version Trial data.
  • Included 931 participants with breech presentation at 34-36 weeks gestation who achieved cephalic presentation at birth.
  • Compared outcomes between successful ECV (n=557) and SCV (n=374) groups using generalized linear mixed models, controlling for parity, BMI, previous CS, and center.

Main Results:

  • No significant differences in Cesarean section (CS), instrumental birth, or normal vaginal birth rates between successful ECV and SCV groups.
  • Multiparous women undergoing successful ECV had a significantly lower likelihood of CS compared to those with SCV (aOR 0.45; 95% CI 0.26-0.80).

Conclusions:

  • Successful ECV is not associated with an increased risk of obstetrical interventions at birth compared to spontaneous cephalic version.
  • ECV offers a safe alternative for managing breech presentations, particularly for multiparous women, potentially reducing CS rates.