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Related Concept Videos

Bone Disorders01:29

Bone Disorders

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Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
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Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during...
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Bone Remodeling01:40

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Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
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Hormones and Bone Tissue01:17

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The endocrine system produces and secretes hormones, which interact with the skeletal system. These hormones control bone growth, maintain bone once it is formed, and remodel it.
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All bones comprise an outer layer of compact bone, and an interior made up of spongy bone tissue, also called cancellous or trabecular bone. In long bones, spongy bone tissue is mainly found in the interior of the epiphyses (broad ends of the bone).
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Author Spotlight: PEGASOS Tissue Clearing Technique to Visualize Bone Remodeling
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Paget's disease of bone.

Tim Cundy1

  • 1Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medical & Health Sciences, University of Auckland, New Zealand.

Metabolism: Clinical and Experimental
|August 7, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Paget

Area of Science:

  • Bone biology and metabolic disorders
  • Human genetics and epidemiology

Background:

  • Paget's disease is a chronic, focal, high-turnover bone disorder affecting middle-aged and older adults.
  • Etiology and precise biology remain incompletely understood despite effective treatments.
  • The disease appears unique to humans.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the natural history of Paget's disease.
  • To discuss changing epidemiology, genetic discoveries, and current diagnostic and treatment strategies.
  • To explore the interplay of genetic predisposition and potential environmental factors.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on Paget's disease.
  • Analysis of epidemiological trends, genetic associations, and treatment outcomes.
Keywords:
BisphosphonatesEpidemiologyGeneticsPaget's diseasePathology

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  • Focus on the disorder's natural history and evolving clinical presentation.

    • Main Results:

    • Strong evidence supports a genetic predisposition to Paget's disease.
    • Epidemiological data indicate decreasing prevalence, increasing age at presentation, and reduced skeletal involvement.
    • Contemporary patients are older with less extensive bone involvement.

    Conclusions:

    • Paget's disease is becoming less prevalent, suggesting an unidentified environmental factor.
    • Effective treatment with intravenous bisphosphonates offers prolonged remission, often requiring only one lifetime treatment.
    • Further research is needed to fully elucidate the etiology and biology of Paget's disease.