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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 25, 2026

Porous Silicon Microparticles for Delivery of siRNA Therapeutics
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Inhalable siRNA-loaded nano-embedded microparticles engineered using microfluidics and spray drying.

Monica Agnoletti1, Adam Bohr2, Kaushik Thanki3

  • 1Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark; Dipartimento di Scienze degli Alimenti e del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, 27/A, 43124 Parma, Italy.

European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics : Official Journal of Arbeitsgemeinschaft Fur Pharmazeutische Verfahrenstechnik E.V
|August 7, 2017
PubMed
Summary

3D-printed micromixers and spray drying enable scalable production of stable small interfering RNA (siRNA) dry powders for lung disease therapy. This method enhances siRNA delivery and gene silencing efficiency.

Keywords:
3D printingDendrimersMicromixerNanoembedded microparticlesSpray dryingsiRNA

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Materials Science
  • Pharmaceutical Sciences

Background:

  • Small interfering RNA (siRNA) holds promise for treating lung diseases.
  • Efficient delivery systems and stable dosage forms are crucial for siRNA inhalation therapy.
  • Cost-effective manufacturing methods are needed for siRNA-based medicines.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a scalable and cost-effective method for producing siRNA-dendrimer nanocomplexes for inhalation.
  • To engineer stable, dry powder formulations of siRNA-dendrimer nanocomplexes using spray drying.
  • To evaluate the impact of saccharide excipients on siRNA stability, reconstitution, and therapeutic efficacy.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a 3D-printed micromixer for the preparation of siRNA-dendrimer nanocomplexes.
  • Employed spray drying to formulate nanocomplexes into microparticle-based dry powders with various saccharide excipients.
  • Assessed siRNA integrity, bioactivity, reconstitution, cellular uptake, and gene silencing efficiency.

Main Results:

  • The micromixer produced nanocomplexes with controlled size distribution and low batch-to-batch variation.
  • siRNA integrity and bioactivity were maintained throughout the processing.
  • Amorphous saccharide excipients (trehalose and inulin) provided superior stabilization and enabled full reconstitution compared to crystalline mannitol.
  • A trehalose-inulin mixture optimized stabilization, cellular uptake, and gene silencing.

Conclusions:

  • Inexpensive, scalable micromixers are effective for optimizing siRNA-dendrimer nanocomplex production.
  • Combining micromixers with spray drying enables the engineering of dry powder siRNA formulations for targeted delivery.
  • Optimized formulations using specific saccharide excipients enhance siRNA's therapeutic potential for lung diseases.