Abnormal uterine bleeding in perimenopause

Area of Science:

• Gynecology
• Reproductive Medicine

Background:

• Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) is a frequent gynecological complaint.
• Prompt diagnosis and treatment of menstrual disorders are facilitated by advanced diagnostic tools in office settings.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the advantages and disadvantages of key diagnostic methods for AUB: transvaginal ultrasound, blind endometrial sampling, and diagnostic hysteroscopy.
• To discuss current therapeutic options for AUB, ranging from medical management to minimally invasive procedures.

Main Methods:

• Review of diagnostic modalities including transvaginal ultrasound, endometrial sampling, and hysteroscopy.
• Discussion of therapeutic interventions such as oral contraceptives, levonorgestrel intrauterine systems, antifibrinolytics, selective progesterone receptor modulators, operative hysteroscopy, and endometrial ablation.

Main Results:

• Diagnostic tools enable prompt identification of menstrual disorders in an office setting.
• A minority of AUB cases involve premalignant or malignant conditions.
• Effective outpatient therapies, including medical and minimally invasive surgical options, are available for AUB management.

Conclusions:

• Accurate diagnosis of AUB is crucial for appropriate management.
• Numerous effective outpatient treatments exist for AUB, improving patient quality of life.
• Minimally invasive procedures and medical therapies can provide relief and potentially defer hysterectomy.