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Calcium-Scoring CT ScanA calcium-scoring CT scan, also known as coronary artery calcium (CAC) scan, detects calcium deposits in the coronary arteries. This test assesses the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD), which can lead to cardiovascular events such as angina, heart failure, and sudden cardiac arrest.A calcium-scoring CT scan is generally recommended for individuals at intermediate risk of CAD without symptoms. It includes:Men aged 40-75 and women aged 50-75: Especially those with a...
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Peripheral artery disease (PAD) predominantly results from atherosclerosis, which involves the accumulation of fatty deposits, or plaques, within the walls of arteries. This causes them to narrow and harden, significantly reducing blood flow. PAD predominantly affects the legs, particularly the arteries supplying the thighs and calves. In rare cases, it may involve other arteries, including those in the arms.Etiology of PAD:The principal cause of PAD is atherosclerosis, which results from fatty...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 25, 2026

Calcification of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells and Imaging of Aortic Calcification and Inflammation
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Calciphylaxis with extensive arterial calcification.

Syed Irfan Qadri1, Abhilash Koratala1

  • 1Division of Nephrology, Hypertension and Renal Transplantation University of Florida Gainesville Florida.

Clinical Case Reports
|August 8, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Calciphylaxis, a serious condition causing skin necrosis in dialysis patients, has a high mortality rate. Effective management involves dialysis, treating metabolic imbalances, and sodium thiosulfate therapy.

Keywords:
Arterial calcificationcalciphylaxisend‐stage renal diseasehyperphosphatemia

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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Vascular Biology
  • Dermatology

Background:

  • Calciphylaxis is a rare but severe syndrome characterized by calcification of small arteries and tissue death.
  • It predominantly affects patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) undergoing dialysis.
  • The condition is associated with a significant risk of mortality, often stemming from infections.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize the key aspects of calciphylaxis, including its pathophysiology, clinical presentation, and management strategies.
  • To highlight the importance of multidisciplinary care for patients with this condition.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of calciphylaxis in end-stage renal disease patients.
  • Analysis of current therapeutic interventions and outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Calciphylaxis involves arteriolar calcification leading to tissue necrosis.
  • High mortality is linked to complications such as infection.
  • Treatment strategies focus on optimizing dialysis, managing mineral and bone disorders, and utilizing therapies like intravenous sodium thiosulfate.

Conclusions:

  • Calciphylaxis requires prompt recognition and aggressive management in ESRD patients.
  • Multifaceted treatment approaches are crucial for improving patient outcomes and reducing mortality.