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Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 19A: worldwide epidemiology

Raul Isturiz1, Heather L Sings1, Betsy Hilton1

  • 1a Pfizer Inc , Collegeville , PA , USA.

Expert Review of Vaccines
|August 8, 2017
PubMed

Insights

The 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) offers superior protection against Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 19A compared to PCV7 and PCV10. PCV13 reduces disease and nasopharyngeal carriage, providing herd protection for all age groups.

Area of Science:

  • * Pneumococcal disease epidemiology and vaccine impact.
  • * Immunology and vaccine efficacy.
  • * Public health and infectious disease surveillance.

Background:

  • * Streptococcus pneumoniae causes significant global morbidity and mortality.
  • * Serotype 19A emerged as a leading cause of pneumococcal disease after PCV7 introduction.
  • * Latest generation pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCV10, PCV13) aim to address remaining disease burden.

Purpose of the Study:

  • * To review the impact of PCV10 and PCV13 on serotype 19A.
  • * To compare immune responses elicited by PCV7, PCV10, and PCV13 against serotype 19A.
  • * To assess the effect of these vaccines on nasopharyngeal carriage and disease incidence.

Main Methods:

  • * Analysis of data from surveillance systems, randomized controlled trials, and observational studies.
  • * Evaluation of immune responses to PCV7, PCV10, and PCV13.
  • * Assessment of nasopharyngeal carriage rates and invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) incidence.

Main Results:

  • * PCV13 elicits significantly higher functional immune responses against serotype 19A than PCV7 and PCV10.
  • * PCV13 demonstrated a direct impact on vaccinated populations and reduced 19A nasopharyngeal carriage in children.
  • * PCV7 and PCV10 showed limited cross-protection and minimal impact on 19A carriage, leading to continued transmission.

Conclusions:

  • * PCV13 is more effective than PCV7 and PCV10 in controlling serotype 19A pneumococcal disease.
  • * PCV13-induced herd protection reduces IPD in unvaccinated individuals, including children and adults.
  • * Continued surveillance is essential to monitor the long-term impact of PCV13 on pneumococcal disease dynamics.
Abstract

Keywords:
Antimicrobial resistanceStreptococcus pneumoniaeepidemiologyinvasive pneumococcal diseasenasopharyngeal carriagepneumococcal conjugate vaccinesserotype 19A

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