Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Schizophrenia01:17

Schizophrenia

1.3K
Schizophrenia, a term introduced by Swiss psychiatrist Eugen Bleuler in 1911, describes a severe psychological disorder marked by profound disruptions in attention, thought processes, language, emotion, and interpersonal relationships. The core feature of schizophrenia is psychosis — a state characterized by a fundamental detachment from reality. This disconnection manifests through distorted logic, impaired perception, and atypical behavior, severely affecting the lives of those...
1.3K
Positive Symptoms Schizophrenia: Hallucinations and Delusions01:26

Positive Symptoms Schizophrenia: Hallucinations and Delusions

754
Schizophrenia is a complex psychiatric disorder characterized by a range of symptoms that significantly impact cognition, behavior, and emotional regulation. Among these, the positive symptoms stand out as they involve the addition or exaggeration of normal mental functions, deviating markedly from typical behavior and perception. Hallucinations and delusions are prominent positive symptoms, each profoundly affecting the individual's experience of reality.
Hallucinations
Hallucinations in...
754
Negative and Cognitive Symptoms of Schizophrenia01:30

Negative and Cognitive Symptoms of Schizophrenia

748
Negative symptoms of schizophrenia indicate a reduction or absence of typical behaviors and emotional responses found in healthy individuals, while positive symptoms reflect an excess or distortion of normal functioning.
Negative Symptoms
Negative symptoms of schizophrenia manifest as deficits in normal emotional and behavioral functioning, profoundly impacting daily life. Individuals with schizophrenia often display a flat affect, characterized by a near-total absence of emotional expression,...
748
Positive Symptoms of Schizophrenia: Hallucinations and Delusions01:30

Positive Symptoms of Schizophrenia: Hallucinations and Delusions

792
Schizophrenia is a complex mental health disorder that can manifest with various positive symptoms, including thought, movement, and behavior disorders. These symptoms significantly disrupt cognitive and motor functions, leading to profound effects on an individual's ability to engage with the world.
Thought Disorders
Disorganized and unusual thought processes mark thought disorders in schizophrenia. One key feature is disorganized speech, where an individual's conversation includes...
792
Psychological and Sociocultural Causes of Schizophrenia01:29

Psychological and Sociocultural Causes of Schizophrenia

707
Schizophrenia, a complex psychiatric disorder, has been historically misunderstood. Early psychological theories attributed its origins to childhood trauma and unresponsive parenting. However, contemporary research largely rejects these notions, favoring the vulnerability-stress hypothesis. This model proposes that individuals with a genetic predisposition to schizophrenia may develop the disorder following exposure to significant environmental stressors. Notably, studies on high-risk...
707
Psychosis: Pathophysiology of Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders01:27

Psychosis: Pathophysiology of Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders

2.2K
Schizophrenia is a neurodevelopmental disorder whose origins are rooted in complex genetic components. Despite our burgeoning understanding, the pathophysiology of this disorder remains incompletely deciphered.
Researchers have identified genetic factors that increase susceptibility to schizophrenia, underscoring the intricate interplay between genetics and environment in disease development. At the core of schizophrenia's pathophysiology is excessive dopaminergic neurotransmission within...
2.2K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Preliminary evidence of inhibitory and error-related neural alterations associated with early relapse in cocaine use disorder: A retrospective Go/No-Go ERP study.

European addiction research·2026
Same author

Editorial: Bridging the gap between animal models and human addiction: exploring translational paradigms.

Frontiers in psychology·2026
Same author

Emotion regulation abilities in social anxiety, binge drinking, and their co-occurrence among young adults: A scoping review.

Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry·2026
Same author

Brain signature of food and alcohol stimuli processing: a comparative EEG study.

Frontiers in human neuroscience·2026
Same author

Editorial: Similarities and differences between substance-related and non-substance-related addictive behaviors.

Frontiers in psychology·2026
Same author

Enhancing the understanding and clinical utility of P300 in psychotic disorders: the contribution of a bimodal oddball paradigm.

Clinical neurophysiology : official journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 25, 2026

Handwriting Analysis Indicates Spontaneous Dyskinesias in Neuroleptic Naïve Adolescents at High Risk for Psychosis
05:52

Handwriting Analysis Indicates Spontaneous Dyskinesias in Neuroleptic Naïve Adolescents at High Risk for Psychosis

Published on: November 21, 2013

15.6K

Conditional Reasoning in Schizophrenic Patients.

Charles Kornreich1, Dyna Delle-Vigne1, Damien Brevers1

  • 11 Laboratoire de Psychologie Médicale, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.

Evolutionary Psychology : an International Journal of Evolutionary Approaches to Psychology and Behavior
|August 9, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Patients with schizophrenia show significant impairments in conditional reasoning, particularly with descriptive rules. Domain-specific reasoning, like social contracts, appears more resilient to cognitive deficits.

Keywords:
Wasonconditional reasoningdepressionevolutionaryprecautionaryschizophreniasocial contract

More Related Videos

The Adventures of Fundi Intervention Based on the Cognitive and Emotional Processing in Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients
05:48

The Adventures of Fundi Intervention Based on the Cognitive and Emotional Processing in Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients

Published on: June 12, 2020

6.5K
Development of a Virtual Reality Assessment of Everyday Living Skills
10:32

Development of a Virtual Reality Assessment of Everyday Living Skills

Published on: April 23, 2014

19.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 25, 2026

Handwriting Analysis Indicates Spontaneous Dyskinesias in Neuroleptic Naïve Adolescents at High Risk for Psychosis
05:52

Handwriting Analysis Indicates Spontaneous Dyskinesias in Neuroleptic Naïve Adolescents at High Risk for Psychosis

Published on: November 21, 2013

15.6K
The Adventures of Fundi Intervention Based on the Cognitive and Emotional Processing in Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients
05:48

The Adventures of Fundi Intervention Based on the Cognitive and Emotional Processing in Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients

Published on: June 12, 2020

6.5K
Development of a Virtual Reality Assessment of Everyday Living Skills
10:32

Development of a Virtual Reality Assessment of Everyday Living Skills

Published on: April 23, 2014

19.4K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • Conditional reasoning is crucial for daily functioning but is impaired in various neurological and psychiatric conditions.
  • Schizophrenia is associated with widespread neurocognitive deficits, impacting higher-order cognitive functions.
  • Understanding reasoning deficits in schizophrenia is vital for addressing social and practical challenges faced by patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess conditional reasoning abilities in patients with schizophrenia compared to depressive patients and healthy controls.
  • To investigate the impact of different reasoning domains (social contracts, precautions, descriptive rules) on performance.
  • To explore the role of verbal intelligence as a potential covariate in reasoning deficits.

Main Methods:

  • Employed the Wason selection task to evaluate conditional reasoning in 25 schizophrenia patients, 25 depressive patients, and 25 controls.
  • Utilized three distinct rule domains: social contracts, precautionary rules, and descriptive rules.
  • Administered control measures including depression, anxiety, and verbal intelligence scales.

Main Results:

  • Patients with schizophrenia exhibited significant impairments in conditional reasoning across all tasks compared to controls and depressive patients.
  • Performance was better for social contract and precautionary rules than for descriptive rules.
  • After controlling for verbal intelligence, group differences diminished for social contracts but persisted for precautionary and descriptive tasks.

Conclusions:

  • Domain-specific reasoning mechanisms may be more resilient to the neurocognitive disruptions seen in schizophrenia.
  • Schizophrenia patients may struggle with understanding precaution and social contract rules, potentially leading to social difficulties and risky behavior.
  • Cognitive interventions targeting reasoning in schizophrenia should consider domain-specific and general cognitive factors.