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Current State and Future Trends to Optimize the Care of Chronic Kidney Disease in African Americans

Kimberly Harding1, Tesfaye B Mersha, Joseph A Vassalotti

  • 1Monarch Innovation Partners, Inc., Rockville, MD, USA.

American Journal of Nephrology
|August 9, 2017
PubMed

Insights

African Americans experience significant disparities in chronic kidney disease (CKD) outcomes. Addressing genetic, social, and healthcare factors is crucial for improving CKD care and outcomes in this population.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Public Health
  • Health Disparities

Background:

  • African Americans (AAs) face the most significant disparities in chronic kidney disease (CKD) outcomes compared to Caucasian Americans (CAs).
  • CKD prevalence is 3.5 times higher in AAs, with disparities evident across all disease stages.
  • AAs are 10 times more likely to develop hypertension-related kidney failure and 3 times more likely to progress to kidney failure than CAs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the critical disparities in CKD outcomes between African Americans and Caucasian Americans.
  • To identify contributing factors to these health inequities.
  • To propose evidence-based strategies for improving CKD care and outcomes in African Americans.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on health and healthcare disparities in CKD.
  • Analysis of prevalence and progression data for CKD in African Americans versus Caucasian Americans.
  • Identification of contributing factors including genetic, social, and healthcare system elements.

Main Results:

  • Significant disparities in CKD prevalence and progression exist between AAs and CAs.
  • Hypertension-related kidney failure risk is substantially higher in AAs.
  • Multiple factors, including social determinants and healthcare access, contribute to these disparities.

Conclusions:

  • Factors such as genetic predispositions, social determinants of health, delayed referrals, fragmented care, and low clinical trial participation exacerbate CKD disparities.
  • Implementing evidence-based approaches, including assessment tools for social determinants, enhanced outreach, improved medication adherence strategies, advanced pharmacological treatments, health IT integration, and patient engagement programs, is vital.
  • These interventions hold the potential to positively impact CKD outcomes and reduce disparities among African Americans.
Abstract

Keywords:
African AmericansCall to actionCare coordinationChronic kidney diseaseChronic kidney disease interventions programsGenetic determinantsHealth disparitiesSocial determinantsSustainable technology

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