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Related Concept Videos

Porosity in Cement Paste01:18

Porosity in Cement Paste

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The porosity of concrete is a measure of the void spaces within its structure. These spaces impact its strength and durability significantly. When water and cement interact, a chemical reaction called hydration creates a semi-solid paste. This paste includes combined water, making up approximately 23% of the cement's dry mass, and gel water, which fills minuscule voids known as gel pores, accounting for about 28% of the cement gel volume.
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Hydration of Cement01:24

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Hydration of cement is a chemical reaction between cement particles and water. This process occurs primarily through two mechanisms: through-solution and topochemical. In the through-solution process, anhydrous compounds dissolve into their constituents, hydrates form in the solution, and then precipitate from the supersaturated solution. The topochemical process involves solid-state reactions at the cement particle surface. The through-solution process dominates the topochemical process at the...
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Additives and Fillers in Concrete01:29

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Additives and fillers are integral to enhancing the properties of concrete. Pozzolans and blast-furnace slag are additives or admixtures due to their reactions with calcium hydroxide released during cement hydration. Fillers, which are finely ground and similar in fineness to Portland cement, improve concrete attributes such as workability density, and reduce capillary bleeding or cracking. Some fillers possess hydraulic properties or participate in benign reactions within the cement paste.
The...
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Accelerated Curing of Concrete01:25

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Accelerating concrete curing is achieved by applying heat and additional moisture. This process accelerates the hydration of the cement, resulting in an earlier strength gain in the concrete. Steam curing is a method wherein the concrete products are either transported through a chamber on a conveyor belt or encased in plastic, allowing steam at atmospheric pressure to circulate freely around them. This process begins with a phase of moist curing that typically lasts between 3 to 5 hours, after...
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Permeability of Concrete01:25

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Permeability in the context of concrete refers to how easily liquids or gases can pass through the material. This quality is crucial for assessing the water-tightness and durability of concrete structures and their resistance to chemical attacks. Concrete permeability can be determined through comparative laboratory tests. These tests typically involve sealing a concrete specimen from the sides, applying water pressure to the top surface with pressure, and measuring the amount of water passing...
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Strength tests for cement are not performed directly on neat cement paste due to difficulty in obtaining consistent, reliable specimens. Instead, cement is typically tested in the form of cement-sand mortar.
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Experimental Study on Cementitious Composites Embedded with Organic Microcapsules.

Xianfeng Wang1, Feng Xing2, Ming Zhang3

  • 1Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Durability for Marine Civil Engineering, College of Civil Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China. xfw@szu.edu.cn.

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Cementitious composites with organic microcapsules show self-healing properties. Adding microcapsules enhances strength and impermeability recovery, with optimal amounts crucial for performance.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Civil Engineering
  • Concrete Technology

Background:

  • Self-healing materials offer sustainable solutions for extending infrastructure lifespan.
  • Organic microcapsules are explored as a mechanism for autonomous repair in cementitious composites.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the strength and impermeability recovery of cementitious composites containing organic microcapsules.
  • To determine the influence of microcapsule content and other factors on self-healing efficiency.

Main Methods:

  • Mortar specimens were prepared with varying amounts of organic microcapsules and a catalyst.
  • Mechanical testing (flexural and compression strength) was performed.
  • Chloride ion permeability tests were conducted after inducing damage via compression.
  • Orthogonal experimental design was used to analyze factors affecting strength recovery.

Main Results:

  • Optimal microcapsule content (small amounts) increased strength by up to 9%.
  • Microcapsule content significantly influenced strength recovery rate.
  • Chloride ion permeability recovery and healing effect were nearly proportional to microcapsule content.

Conclusions:

  • Cementitious composites embedded with organic microcapsules exhibit significant self-healing capabilities.
  • The amount of microcapsules is a critical factor for both strength and impermeability recovery.
  • These findings support the development of durable, self-repairing concrete structures.