Zinc Oxide-From Synthesis to Application: A Review

Area of Science:

• Materials Science
• Chemical Engineering

Background:

• Zinc oxide (ZnO) is a versatile material with unique properties.
• Its applications span numerous industrial sectors.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the primary preparation and modification methods for zinc oxide.
• To highlight the diverse industrial applications of ZnO.

Main Methods:

• Preparation methods: Metallurgical and chemical routes (mechanochemical, sol-gel, solvothermal, hydrothermal, emulsion-based).
• Modification methods: Organic (carboxylic acids, silanes) and inorganic (metal oxides) compounds, polymer matrices.

Main Results:

• Detailed characterization of various ZnO synthesis techniques.
• Overview of surface modification strategies to tailor ZnO properties.
• Identification of key industrial applications including rubber, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, textiles, electronics, and photocatalysis.

Conclusions:

• ZnO's multifunctional nature stems from its tunable properties via synthesis and modification.
• The review offers valuable insights for researchers and industry professionals working with ZnO.