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Updated: Feb 25, 2026

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Phase matching effects in high harmonic generation at the nanometer scale.

M Blanco, C Hernández-García, A Chacón

    Optics Express
    |August 10, 2017
    PubMed
    Summary

    Metallic nanostructures can generate extreme-ultraviolet harmonics. Phase matching remains crucial for controlling high-order harmonic generation (HHG) efficiency and properties in these nanostructures.

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    Area of Science:

    • Quantum optics
    • Plasmonics
    • Nanophotonics

    Background:

    • Plasmon resonances in metallic nanostructures enhance electromagnetic fields.
    • This offers a route for generating extreme-ultraviolet harmonics with low-power lasers.
    • High-order harmonic generation (HHG) typically suffers from phase mismatch over propagation distances.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the role of phase matching in HHG from metallic nanostructures.
    • To determine if phase matching control techniques are applicable at the nanoscale for HHG.

    Main Methods:

    • Numerical computations of high-order harmonic generation in metallic nanostructures.
    • Analysis of the influence of the driving field's intensity distribution on harmonic phase.

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    Last Updated: Feb 25, 2026

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    Main Results:

    • Phase matching significantly impacts HHG efficiency and properties even in nanostructures.
    • The non-perturbative nature of HHG links harmonic phase to driving field intensity.
    • Subwavelength propagation distances in nanostructures do not eliminate phase matching effects.

    Conclusions:

    • Phase matching control is essential for optimizing HHG in metallic nanostructures.
    • Nanoscale applications of phase matching, like quantum path selection and attosecond pulse enhancement, are feasible.