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Amifostine does not protect thyroid cancer cells in DNA damaging in vitro models

Joanna Klubo-Gwiezdzinska1,2, John Costello3, Kirk Jensen3

  • 1National Institute of HealthNIDDK, Office 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.

Endocrine Connections
|August 10, 2017
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Amifostine (WR-1065) does not protect thyroid cancer cells from DNA damage caused by radiation or chemotherapy. This study suggests amifostine is safe to use alongside radioiodine therapy for thyroid cancer.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Radiotherapy
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Amifostine (WR-1065) protects salivary glands from radiation damage during thyroid cancer treatment.
  • No prior data existed on amifostine's effects on thyroid cancer cells.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate amifostine's (WR-1065) impact on thyroid cancer cell response to DNA-damaging agents.
  • To determine if amifostine protects thyroid cancer cells or affects treatment efficacy.

Main Methods:

  • Tested amifostine (WR-1065) on human thyroid cancer cell lines (FTC133, TPC1, BCPAP, C643) and fibroblasts.
  • Induced DNA damage using hydrogen peroxide, neocarzinostatin (NCS), and gamma radiation.
  • Assessed DNA damage, cell viability, and apoptosis.

Main Results:

  • Amifostine (WR-1065) protected fibroblasts from oxidative DNA damage but not thyroid cancer cells.
  • Thyroid cancer cells experienced DNA damage and apoptosis after exposure to damaging agents, even with amifostine.
  • Prolonged amifostine exposure (24h) showed selective toxicity to thyroid cancer cells, reducing viability without inducing apoptosis.

Conclusions:

  • Amifostine (WR-1065) does not protect thyroid cancer cells from DNA-damaging agents in vitro.
  • Amifostine is unlikely to reduce the effectiveness of radioiodine treatment for thyroid cancer patients.
Keywords:
DNA damageamifostineradiationthyroid cancer

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