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Blood transfusion is a critical medical procedure that saves lives and treats various medical conditions. It involves transferring blood from a donor to a recipient. This process requires a thorough understanding of the ABO blood group system and its associated antigens and antibodies.
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HOMOLOGOUS BLOOD TRANSFUSION: DO WE HAVE ANY ALTERNATIVES?

S Gokhale1, P S Roy2, Y Ashok3

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Homologous blood transfusions carry risks, but safer alternatives like predeposit autologous blood transfusion (PABT) and acute normovolemic hemodilution (ANH) are underutilized. Implementing PABT and ANH can significantly reduce the need for homologous blood, even in facilities without a blood bank.

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Per operative acute normovolemic haemodilution (ANH)Predeposit autologous blood transfusion (PABT)Safety of blood transfusion

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Area of Science:

  • Transfusion Medicine
  • Surgical Hemostasis

Background:

  • Homologous blood transfusion, while crucial, presents significant risks including infectious agent transmission.
  • Screening methods for blood donations are not foolproof, leaving a residual risk of transfusion-associated infections.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness and feasibility of predeposit autologous blood transfusion (PABT) and acute normovolemic hemodilution (ANH) as alternatives to homologous blood transfusion.
  • To promote the adoption of PABT and ANH to mitigate transfusion-associated hazards.

Main Methods:

  • Implementation of motivated PABT and ANH programs within a hospital setting.
  • Monitoring the uptake and acceptance of these alternative transfusion techniques by surgeons and patients.

Main Results:

  • Earnest motivational efforts led to significant adoption and popularity of PABT and ANH.
  • These techniques have demonstrably reduced the demand for homologous blood transfusion in the participating hospital.

Conclusions:

  • PABT and ANH are safe, practical, and effective alternatives to homologous blood transfusion.
  • These methods can be widely implemented across healthcare facilities, including those lacking a blood bank (specifically ANH), to enhance transfusion safety and reduce reliance on allogeneic blood products.