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Related Concept Videos

Urinary Tract Infection III: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care01:30

Urinary Tract Infection III: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care

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A healthcare provider can diagnose a urinary tract infection (UTI) through several methods:Medical History and Symptoms: The provider will take a detailed medical history and ask about symptoms such as frequent urination, burning sensation during urination, and lower abdominal pain.Urinalysis: A clean-catch urine sample is collected in a sterile container and tested for the presence of bacteria, white blood cells (leukocytes), nitrites, blood, and protein. The presence of leukocytes and...
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Imaging Studies VI: Voiding Cystourethrography and Cystography01:22

Imaging Studies VI: Voiding Cystourethrography and Cystography

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Voiding Cystourethrography (VCUG) and Cystography are specialized radiographic procedures used to examine the structure and function of the bladder and urethra.Voiding Cystourethrography (VCUG)A Voiding Cystourethrogram (VCUG) is a diagnostic imaging procedure that assesses the anatomy and function of the lower urinary tract. It focuses on the bladder, bladder neck, and urethra, helping detect abnormalities such as vesicoureteral reflux (VUR)—the backward or reverse flow of urine into the...
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Urinary Tract Infection IV: Nursing Management01:17

Urinary Tract Infection IV: Nursing Management

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In managing urinary tract infections (UTIs) in nursing, a comprehensive assessment is essential. Begin by gathering subjective data, such as the patient’s complaints of dysuria (painful urination), urinary frequency, urgency, suprapubic pain, and any lower abdominal discomfort. This information can be complemented by questions regarding previous UTIs, sexual activity, and personal hygiene practices, which can provide insight into risk factors. Objective assessment should focus on signs...
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Urinary Tract Infection I: Introduction01:26

Urinary Tract Infection I: Introduction

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Urinary tract infections (UTIs) impact various parts of the urinary system, including the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra. These infections are generally bacterial, with Escherichia coli being the most common causative agent, often originating from the gastrointestinal tract. However, other bacteria, such as Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Proteus mirabilis, are also known to cause UTIs. The type, location, and underlying complexity of the UTI guide both...
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Urinary Tract Calculi III: Medical Management01:30

Urinary Tract Calculi III: Medical Management

293
The diagnosis of renal calculi involves several imaging techniques, including non-contrast CT scans and ultrasound. These methods help visualize kidney stones, assess their size and location, and detect possible obstructions. Additionally, Measuring urine pH is useful for diagnosing specific stone types, such as struvite (alkaline pH) and uric acid stones (acidic pH). Cystine stones are primarily linked to cystinuria, a genetic condition. A urinalysis helps detect blood in the urine (hematuria)...
293
Urinary Tract Calculi VI: Surgical Management01:25

Urinary Tract Calculi VI: Surgical Management

649
Procedures for Kidney StonesMedical intervention is necessary when kidney stones or renal calculi are too large to pass spontaneously (typically greater than 5 millimeters) when stones are accompanied by symptomatic infection (such as fever or pyelonephritis), when they impair kidney function, or when they cause persistent symptoms like severe pain, nausea, or urinary retention. Additionally, patients with only one kidney or those who cannot be treated with medical management also require...
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Transurethral Instillation Procedure in Adult Male Mouse
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Interstitial cystitis intravesical therapy.

Tanya Ha1, Jie Hua Xu1

  • 1Urology Department, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, Australia.

Translational Andrology and Urology
|August 10, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Interstitial cystitis (IC) is a bladder disorder causing pain and urgency. This review explores current and future intravesical therapies for IC, focusing on bladder healing and symptom relief.

Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Interstitial cystitis (IC) is a chronic bladder condition characterized by urgency, frequency, and pain.
  • The exact cause of IC is unknown, but theories suggest an initial infection damages the bladder's protective glycosaminoglycan (GAG) layer, leading to inflammation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current intravesical instillation therapies for interstitial cystitis.
  • To explore emerging and future intravesical treatment strategies for IC.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of current and emerging intravesical therapies for IC.
  • Analysis of treatment strategies aimed at restoring bladder function and alleviating symptoms.

Main Results:

  • Current intravesical therapies aim to repair the GAG layer, reduce inflammation, and manage symptoms.
Keywords:
Interstitial cystitis (IC)intravesical therapypainful bladder syndrome (PBS)

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  • Future treatments may involve novel agents and approaches to further improve bladder urothelial function and patient outcomes.

    • Conclusions:

    • Intravesical therapy is a key treatment modality for interstitial cystitis, addressing underlying bladder dysfunction.
    • Ongoing research into intravesical treatments holds promise for more effective management of IC symptoms and disease progression.