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RNA Splicing

RNA Splicing

Splicing is the process by which eukaryotic RNA is edited before its translation into protein. The RNA strand transcribed from eukaryotic DNA is called the primary transcript. The primary transcripts that become mRNAs are called precursor messenger RNAs (pre-mRNAs). Eukaryotic pre-mRNA contains alternating sequences of exons and introns. Exons are nucleotide sequences that code for proteins, whereas introns are the non-coding regions. In RNA splicing, introns are removed and exons are bonded...

Alternative RNA Splicing

Alternative RNA Splicing

Alternative RNA splicing is the regulated splicing of exons and introns to produce different mature mRNAs from a single pre-mRNA. Unlike in constitutive splicing where a single gene produces a single type of mRNA, alternative splicing allows an organism to produce multiple proteins from a single gene and plays an important role in protein diversity.
There are five types of alternative RNA splicing that vary in the ways the pre-mRNA segments are removed or retained in the mature mRNA. The first...

Alternative RNA Splicing

Alternative RNA Splicing

Pre-mRNA Processing: RNA Splicing

Pre-mRNA Processing: RNA Splicing

Chromatin Structure and RNA Splicing

Chromatin Structure and RNA Splicing

Chromatin Structure Regulates pre-mRNA Processing

Chromatin Structure Regulates pre-mRNA Processing

In eukaryotic cells, nascent mRNA transcripts need to undergo many post-transcriptional modifications to reach the cell cytoplasm and translate into functional proteins. For a long time, transcription and pre-mRNA processing were considered two independent events that occur sequentially in the cell. However, it has now been well established that transcription and pre-mRNA processing are two simultaneous processes that are precisely regulated inside the cell.
The chromatin structure, especially...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 25, 2026

A Reporter Based Cellular Assay for Monitoring Splicing Efficiency

A Reporter Based Cellular Assay for Monitoring Splicing Efficiency

Published on: September 15, 2021

Splicing and transcription touch base: co-transcriptional spliceosome assembly and function.

Lydia Herzel^1,2, Diana S M Ottoz¹, Tara Alpert¹

¹Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA.

Nature Reviews. Molecular Cell Biology

|August 10, 2017

Summary

Messenger RNA (mRNA) production involves RNA polymerase II (Pol II) and the spliceosome. Co-transcriptional splicing suggests these processes are temporally coordinated and spatially constrained during gene expression.

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Area of Science:

Molecular Biology
Gene Expression
RNA Processing

Background:

Eukaryotic messenger RNA (mRNA) production requires coordinated action of macromolecular machines.
RNA polymerase II (Pol II) synthesizes RNA, while the spliceosome removes introns from the nascent transcript.
The spliceosome is a large ribonucleoprotein complex crucial for RNA splicing.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the temporal coordination of co-transcriptional splicing with transcription.
To discuss the spatial constraints between transcription and splicing machineries in vivo.
To explore aspects of spliceosome assembly and transcription elongation in relation to co-transcriptional events.

Main Methods:

Review of emerging evidence on the physical proximity of the spliceosome and Pol II.
Analysis of factors influencing spliceosome assembly and transcription elongation.
Discussion of co-transcriptional events enabling temporal coordination.

Main Results:

Evidence suggests the catalytic spliceosome is physically close to Pol II in vivo.
Transcription and splicing likely occur on similar timescales.
Transcription and splicing machineries may be spatially constrained.

Conclusions:

Co-transcriptional splicing is temporally coordinated with transcription.
Spatial proximity of transcription and splicing machineries is implied.
Understanding these coordinated events is key to gene expression regulation.