Development of VEGF-loaded PLGA matrices in association with mesenchymal stem cells for tissue engineering

Area of Science:

• Biomaterials Science
• Tissue Engineering
• Nanotechnology

Background:

• Bioactive molecules like vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) are crucial for tissue regeneration.
• Controlled release of VEGF from scaffolds can improve cellular processes like migration and differentiation.
• Nanofiber scaffolds offer potential for enhanced delivery of therapeutic agents.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the incorporation of VEGF into polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) nanofibers.
• To evaluate the effect of VEGF incorporation on scaffold properties and cell interactions.
• To assess the potential of these scaffolds for sustained VEGF delivery in tissue engineering.

Main Methods:

• Electrospinning was used to fabricate PLGA scaffolds.
• Three groups were prepared: PLGA/BSA/VEGF, PLGA/BSA, and PLGA.
• Scaffold morphology, fiber diameter, contact angle, VEGF loading, and release kinetics were analyzed.
• Cell adhesion, viability, and cytotoxicity were assessed.

Main Results:

• Nanofibers exhibited smooth surfaces with interconnected pores.
• The PLGA/BSA/VEGF scaffolds demonstrated the lowest water contact angle.
• Sustained VEGF release was observed for up to 160 hours.
• Improved cell adhesion was noted on PLGA/BSA/VEGF scaffolds compared to controls.
• The scaffolds were found to be non-toxic to cells.

Conclusions:

• PLGA/BSA/VEGF nanofiber scaffolds are effective for sustained VEGF delivery.
• These scaffolds promote cell adhesion, indicating suitability for tissue engineering.
• The developed scaffolds represent a promising strategy for regenerative medicine applications.