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Clinical Imaging of Microwave Mammography

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Published on: November 14, 2025

Microwave Imaging Sensor Using Compact Metamaterial UWB Antenna with a High Correlation Factor.

Md Moinul Islam¹, Mohammad Tariqul Islam², Mohammad Rashed Iqbal Faruque³

¹Space Science Centre (ANGKASA), Research Centre Building, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi, Selangor D. E. 43600, Malaysia. mmoiislam@siswa.ukm.edu.my.

Materials (Basel, Switzerland)

|August 11, 2017

Summary

A compact metamaterial ultra-wideband (UWB) antenna was designed for medical imaging. This antenna achieves high performance for detecting unwanted cells, like those in breast cancer, using a negative refractive index.

Keywords:

breast cancer correlation factor metamaterial ultra-wideband

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Area of Science:

Electromagnetics and Metamaterials
Antenna Engineering
Biomedical Engineering

Background:

Metamaterials offer unique electromagnetic properties not found in natural materials.
Ultra-wideband (UWB) antennas are crucial for high-resolution imaging applications.
Early detection of diseases like cancer and stroke relies on advanced imaging technologies.

Purpose of the Study:

To design and propose a compact metamaterial UWB antenna for microwave imaging.
To enable detection of unwanted cells in human tissue for medical diagnostics.
To achieve high antenna performance through a negative refractive index.

Main Methods:

The antenna design integrates four metamaterial unit cells, each comprising a modified split ring resonator (SRR), capacitive loaded strip (CLS), and wire.
A low-cost FR4 substrate (1.6 mm thickness) was utilized for antenna fabrication.
Simulations were performed using High Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS) and Computer Simulation Technology (CST).

Main Results:

The designed antenna exhibits a negative magnetic permeability and negative electrical permittivity, resulting in a negative refractive index.
The antenna operates over an ultra-wideband from 3.05 GHz to over 15 GHz (VSWR < 2).
An average gain of 4.38 dBi was achieved, with simulation and measurement results showing high agreement.

Conclusions:

The proposed compact metamaterial UWB antenna demonstrates high performance suitable for microwave imaging.
The antenna's capability to detect tumor simulants validates its potential as an effective imaging sensor.
This technology holds promise for improved early detection of conditions like breast cancer, heart failure, and stroke.