Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 25, 2026
06:32
A Simple, Low-cost, and Robust System to Measure the Volume of Hydrogen Evolved by Chemical Reactions with Aqueous Solutions
Published on: August 17, 2016
20.4K
Development of Hydrogen Storage Tank Systems Based on Complex Metal Hydrides
Morten B Ley1, Mariem Meggouh2, Romain Moury3
1Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany. ley@mpi-muelheim.mpg.de.
Materials (Basel, Switzerland)
|August 11, 2017
Summary
This review covers tank systems using complex metal hydrides for thermolysis and hydrolysis. While hydrolysis systems are used in specialized applications, commercial use of thermolysis systems remains limited, with recycling being key for viability.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Chemical Engineering
- Energy Storage
Background:
- Complex metal hydrides are investigated for hydrogen storage applications.
- Current commercial applications of these systems are limited, particularly for thermolysis-based technologies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review recent research on tank systems for thermolysis and hydrolysis using complex metal hydrides.
- To detail tank design, modeling, development, and commercial applications.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on complex metal hydride tank systems.
- Analysis of materials used for thermolysis (e.g., sodium aluminum hydride, nitrides, ammonia borane, alane) and hydrolysis (e.g., sodium borohydride, ammonia borane).
Main Results:
- Hydrolysis-based systems are suitable for space, naval, military, and defense applications due to proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell compatibility.
- Thermolysis systems have seen limited development, primarily demonstration projects.
- Sodium borohydride is the preferred material for hydrolysis, while ammonia borane is less popular.
Conclusions:
- Commercial viability of complex metal hydride systems hinges on efficient recycling, especially for sodium borohydride.
- Further development is needed for widespread thermolysis applications.
- Hydrolysis systems show promise in niche, high-value sectors.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
02:13Reduction of Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation
14.5K
Alkenes undergo reduction by the addition of molecular hydrogen to give alkanes. Because the process generally occurs in the presence of a transition-metal catalyst, the reaction is called catalytic hydrogenation.
Metals like palladium, platinum, and nickel are commonly used in their solid forms — fine powder on an inert surface. As these catalysts remain insoluble in the reaction mixture, they are referred to as heterogeneous catalysts.
The hydrogenation process takes place on the...
Metals like palladium, platinum, and nickel are commonly used in their solid forms — fine powder on an inert surface. As these catalysts remain insoluble in the reaction mixture, they are referred to as heterogeneous catalysts.
The hydrogenation process takes place on the...
14.5K
02:17Reduction of Alkenes: Asymmetric Catalytic Hydrogenation
3.9K
Catalytic hydrogenation of alkenes is a transition-metal catalyzed reduction of the double bond using molecular hydrogen to give alkanes. The mode of hydrogen addition follows syn stereochemistry.
The metal catalyst used can be either heterogeneous or homogeneous. When hydrogenation of an alkene generates a chiral center, a pair of enantiomeric products is expected to form. However, an enantiomeric excess of one of the products can be facilitated using an enantioselective reaction or an...
The metal catalyst used can be either heterogeneous or homogeneous. When hydrogenation of an alkene generates a chiral center, a pair of enantiomeric products is expected to form. However, an enantiomeric excess of one of the products can be facilitated using an enantioselective reaction or an...
3.9K
00:26Hydrogen Bonds
135.4K
Hydrogen bonds are weak attractions between atoms that have formed other chemical bonds. One of these atoms is electronegative, like oxygen, and has a partial negative charge. The other is a hydrogen atom that has bonded with another electronegative atom and has a partial positive charge.
Hydrogen Bonds Control the World!
Because hydrogen has very weak electronegativity when it binds with a strongly electronegative atom, such as oxygen or nitrogen, electrons in the bond are unequally shared....
Hydrogen Bonds Control the World!
Because hydrogen has very weak electronegativity when it binds with a strongly electronegative atom, such as oxygen or nitrogen, electrons in the bond are unequally shared....
135.4K
01:04Hydrogen Bonds
15.4K
A hydrogen bond is formed when a weakly positive hydrogen atom already bonded to one electronegative atom (for example, the oxygen in the water molecule) is attracted to another electronegative atom from another polar molecule, such as water (H2O), hydrogen fluoride (HF), or ammonia (NH3). The huge electronegativity difference between the H atom (2.1) and the atom to which it is bonded (4.0 for an F atom, 3.5 for an O atom, or 3.0 for an N atom), combined with the very small size of an H atom...
15.4K
01:09Complexation Equilibria: Factors Influencing Stability of Complexes
879
In complexation reactions, metal cations are the electron pair acceptors, and the ligands are the electron pair donors. The stability of the metal complexes depends primarily on the complexing ability of the central metal ion and the nature of the ligands. Generally, the complexing ability of the metal ion depends on the size and charge of the ion. As the metal ion size increases, the stability of the metal complexes decreases, provided that the valency of the metal ion and the ligands remain...
879
01:26Radical Substitution: Hydrogenolysis of Alkyl Halides with Tributyltin Hydride
2.3K
Radical substitution reactions can be used to remove functional groups from molecules. The hydrogenolysis of alkyl halides is one such reaction, where the weak Sn–H bond in tributyltin hydride reacts with alkyl halides to form alkanes. Here, the reagent Bu3SnH yields tributyltin halide as a byproduct.
The bonds formed in this reaction are stronger than the bonds broken, making it energetically favorable. The reaction follows a radical chain mechanism similar to radical halogenation reactions,...
The bonds formed in this reaction are stronger than the bonds broken, making it energetically favorable. The reaction follows a radical chain mechanism similar to radical halogenation reactions,...
2.3K