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Acute renal effects of beta-blockers
American Journal of Nephrology
|January 1, 1986
Summary
Most beta-blockers tested reduced kidney function, decreasing glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and renal plasma flow by 10-20% in hypertensive patients. Sodium excretion also decreased, indicating limited renal tolerance to these medications.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Cardiology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Beta-blockers are commonly prescribed for hypertension.
- Their impact on renal function, particularly in patients with normal kidney function, requires detailed evaluation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the acute effects of six different beta-blockers on renal function in hypertensive patients with normal glomerular filtration rate (GFR).
Main Methods:
- A single dose of six beta-blockers (atenolol, propranolol, metoprolol, acebutolol, nadolol, pindolol) was administered to 51 hypertensive patients.
- Renal function parameters, including GFR, renal plasma flow, and fractional sodium excretion, were measured.
Main Results:
- Most beta-blockers, excluding pindolol, caused a 10-20% reduction in GFR and renal plasma flow.
- Fractional sodium excretion was depressed by 20-40% with most agents.
- Variations in the magnitude and pattern of these renal effects were observed among the drugs.
Conclusions:
- Acute administration of most beta-blockers demonstrates limited renal tolerance in hypertensive patients with normal GFR.
- These renal effects appear largely independent of the specific pharmacological characteristics of the beta-blockers studied.