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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 22, 2025

Development of a Gaze-Contingent Display Framework Designed for Perceptual and Oculomotor Research with Simulated Central Vision Loss
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What is the relationship between visual impairment and cognitive function in octogenarians?

Denise S de Kok1, Ruth O Teh2, Avinesh Pillai3

  • 1Research Assistant, Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, The University of Auckland, Auckland.

The New Zealand Medical Journal
|August 11, 2017
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Summary

Vision loss does not directly impact cognitive function in older adults. Instead, functional status mediates the relationship, suggesting a multifactorial approach to cognitive decline in aging populations.

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Neuroscience
  • Ophthalmology

Background:

  • Cognitive decline is a significant concern in aging populations.
  • Understanding the interplay between sensory and cognitive functions is crucial for healthy aging.
  • Previous research has explored links between vision and cognition, but pathways require further elucidation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate direct and indirect associations between visual function and cognitive performance in elderly individuals.
  • To explore potential mediating factors in the relationship between vision and cognition in advanced age.
  • To compare these associations across different ethnic groups (Māori and non-Māori).

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of cross-sectional baseline data from the Life and Living in Advanced Age: A Cohort Study in New Zealand.
  • Inclusion of Māori (n=421) and non-Māori (n=516) octogenarians.
  • Assessment of cognitive function using the Modified Mini-Mental State Examination (3MS) and vision via self-report and measured distance visual acuity.
  • Utilisation of general linear models and structural equation modelling to explore associations.

Main Results:

  • Both Māori and non-Māori participants exhibited good visual acuity and cognitive function scores.
  • Approximately 25% of the sample reported visual impairment.
  • No direct association was found between visual acuity and cognitive function after adjusting for confounders.
  • For non-Māori, structural equation modelling indicated that functional status mediated the relationship between vision loss and cognitive function.

Conclusions:

  • Cognitive function in advanced age is multifactorial.
  • Vision loss may indirectly influence cognitive decline through mediating factors like functional status, rather than a direct causal link.
  • These findings highlight the importance of considering a holistic approach to maintaining cognitive health in older adults.