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Related Concept Videos

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

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In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
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lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

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MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
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MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After...
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Non-LTR Retrotransposons03:18

Non-LTR Retrotransposons

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As the name suggests, non-LTR retrotransposons lack the long terminal repeats characteristic of the LTR retrotransposons. Additionally, both LTR and non-LTR retrotransposons use distinct mechanisms of mobilization. Non-LTR retrotransposons are further divided into two classes - Long interspersed nuclear elements (LINEs) and short interspersed nuclear elements (SINEs), both of which occur abundantly in most mammals, including humans. Some of the active non-LTR retrotransposons in humans are L1...
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RNA Splicing01:32

RNA Splicing

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Splicing is the process by which eukaryotic RNA is edited before its translation into protein. The RNA strand transcribed from eukaryotic DNA is called the primary transcript. The primary transcripts that become mRNAs are called precursor messenger RNAs (pre-mRNAs). Eukaryotic pre-mRNA contains alternating sequences of exons and introns. Exons are nucleotide sequences that code for proteins, whereas introns are the non-coding regions. In RNA splicing, introns are removed and exons are bonded...
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Updated: Feb 24, 2026

miRNA Expression Analyses in Prostate Cancer Clinical Tissues
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miRNA Expression Analyses in Prostate Cancer Clinical Tissues

Published on: September 8, 2015

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Long non-coding RNAs and prostate cancer.

Aya Misawa1, Ken-Ichi Takayama1,2, Satoshi Inoue1,2,3

  • 1Department of Anti-Aging Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.

Cancer Science
|August 11, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) show abnormal expression in prostate cancer, driving disease progression. These molecules are promising biomarkers and therapeutic targets, especially those linked to androgen receptor signaling in advanced disease.

Keywords:
Androgenandrogen receptorcastration resistant prostate cancerlong non-coding RNAprostate cancer

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Sequencing Small Non-coding RNA from Formalin-fixed Tissues and Serum-derived Exosomes from Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer Patients
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Laser-capture Microdissection of Human Prostatic Epithelium for RNA Analysis
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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Oncology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Prostate cancer diagnosis lacks specific biomarkers, leading to overdiagnosis and overtreatment.
  • Aberrant expression of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) is implicated in various cancers, including prostate cancer.
  • lncRNAs are RNA transcripts >200 nucleotides that do not code for proteins.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current knowledge on lncRNA expression patterns and mechanisms in prostate cancer.
  • To focus on lncRNAs regulated by the androgen receptor.
  • To highlight lncRNAs expressed in castration-resistant prostate cancer.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on lncRNAs in prostate cancer.
  • Analysis of lncRNA expression patterns.
  • Investigation of lncRNA regulatory mechanisms, particularly androgen receptor signaling.

Main Results:

  • lncRNAs play a role in prostate cancer development and progression.
  • Specific lncRNAs are dysregulated in prostate cancer.
  • Androgen receptor-regulated lncRNAs are significant in castration-resistant prostate cancer.

Conclusions:

  • lncRNAs represent promising novel biomarkers for prostate cancer detection.
  • lncRNAs offer potential therapeutic targets for prostate cancer treatment.
  • Further research into lncRNA mechanisms can improve prostate cancer management.