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Published on: March 22, 2012
Fungal Pneumonia in Patients with Hematologic Malignancy and Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
Alisha Y Young1, Miguel M Leiva Juarez2, Scott E Evans2
1Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Health Sciences Center, 6431 Fannin Street, MSB 1.434, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Abstract:
Fungal pneumonias cause unacceptable morbidity among patients with hematologic malignancies (HM) and recipients of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). The high incidence of fungal pneumonias in HM/HSCT populations arises from their frequently severe, complex, and persistent immune dysfunction caused by the underlying disease and its treatment. The cytopenias, treatment toxicities, and other immune derangements that make patients susceptible to fungal pneumonia frequently complicate its diagnosis and increase the intensity and duration of antifungal therapy. This article addresses the host factors that contribute to susceptibility, summarizes diagnostic recommendations, and reviews current guidelines for management of fungal pneumonia in patients with HM/HSCT.
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