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Asthma is a chronic respiratory ailment that requires careful management due to its varying symptoms and influencing factors. It is characterized by airway inflammation, bronchial hyperresponsiveness, and reversible airflow obstruction, leading to symptoms like wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing. The symptom frequency and intensity may vary considerably over time. It is also linked to immune system responses to allergens and irritants, highlighting the complex...
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Anaphylaxis is a severe, life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction mediated by Immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies. When IgE binds to allergens, it triggers the release of mediators– histamine, leukotrienes, and prostaglandins from mast cells and basophils. These mediators cause vasodilation, edema, and inflammation, leading to various symptoms.The primary allergens causing anaphylaxis include food items (e.g., peanuts, shellfish), drugs (e.g., penicillin, asparaginase, corticotropin,...
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Humans continually engage with an environment rich in potentially harmful chemicals. These are introduced to our bodies through inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact. These chemicals exist in various forms, such as air and environmental pollutants, agricultural chemicals, organic solvents, and heavy metals.
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Asthma-II: Pathophysiology and Classification01:26

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Asthma is a prevalent chronic respiratory condition marked by inflammation and hyperresponsiveness of the airways. Its pathophysiology involves complex interactions among inflammatory pathways, immune responses, and neural mechanisms.
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Asthma is a chronic pulmonary condition involving inflammation of the airways, hyper-reactivity, and reversible obstruction of the airways. This condition can significantly impact a person's quality of life, making breathing difficult and leading to distressing symptoms.
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Environmental pollution and allergies.

Hirohisa Takano1, Ken-Ichiro Inoue2

  • 1Environmental Health Division, Department of Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto Daigaku Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto-shi, Kyoto 615-8540, Japan.

Journal of Toxicologic Pathology
|August 12, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Environmental chemical pollutants, like diesel exhaust particles and phthalates, significantly worsen allergic diseases such as asthma and atopic dermatitis. Addressing these environmental factors is crucial for controlling allergies.

Keywords:
air pollutionallergydisrupting effectenvironmental pollution

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Allergy Research
  • Toxicology

Background:

  • Allergic diseases have rapidly increased, with environmental changes identified as a primary driver.
  • Increased exposure to chemical substances in residential, food, and atmospheric environments is a key factor.
  • Various environmental pollutants, including air pollutants and chemical substances, are experimentally linked to worsened allergies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the role of environmental changes, particularly chemical substances, in the exacerbation of allergic diseases.
  • To highlight specific environmental pollutants and their impact on conditions like asthma and atopic dermatitis.
  • To emphasize the need for methods to screen environmental pollutants for their allergy-exacerbating effects.

Main Methods:

  • Review of experimental studies linking environmental pollutants to allergic inflammation.
  • Identification of key chemical substances and particles, such as diesel exhaust particles (DEPs) and phthalate esters.
  • Discussion of emerging research on nanomaterials and Asian sand dust particles in enhancing allergic responses.

Main Results:

  • Diesel exhaust particles (DEPs) aggravate asthma due to their organic chemical components.
  • Phthalate esters exacerbate atopic dermatitis.
  • Nanomaterials and Asian sand dust particles have been shown to enhance allergic inflammation.

Conclusions:

  • Environmental chemical substances are significant contributors to the worsening of allergic diseases.
  • Understanding cellular and molecular mechanisms of pollutant-induced allergy exacerbation is advancing.
  • Controlling allergic diseases requires both medical interventions and amelioration of environmental changes.